Indoor plants are increasingly present in modern home decor, but few species captivate as much as the purple-leaved Calathea. Its exotic appearance and the rich variety of shades and shapes of its leaves have made it a true protagonist of urban environments.
However, keeping a Calathea in perfect condition can be a challenge for many, as it requires specific care, especially regarding humidity and watering quality. If you want to discover all the secrets to keeping it looking healthy and spectacular, we'll tell you in-depth below.
Origin and curiosities of the purple-leaved Calathea
Calatheas belong to the Marantaceae family and originate primarily from the tropical rainforests of Latin America, with Brazil and Peru among their areas of greatest natural abundance. This humid, jungle environment explains many of its demands when growing it indoors and is the key to its spectacular foliage.
There are around 25 different varieties of Calathea, many of which feature shades and hues that include greens, silvers, pinks, whites, and intense purple tones on the underside or part of the leaf blade. A striking feature is that, depending on the species, the leaves can be oval, lanceolate, or elongated, and in most cases, they display geometric patterns, stripes, or unique drawings.
One of the most fascinating curiosities of the Calathea is its leaf movement: presents what is called "nyctinasty", that is, its leaves fold at night and unfurl during the day, reacting to the intensity of the light. This peculiar movement, in addition to being a natural spectacle, has earned it the nickname "prayer plant."
In native South American cultures, the tough leaves of Calathea have traditionally been used to wrap foods such as fresh fish., and even to braid baskets, hence why it is known in Brazil as 'korbmarante'.
Most popular Calathea varieties with purple leaves
Within the enormous diversity of calatheas, there are some species and varieties that stand out especially for their purple tones in the leaves, Whether it's the completely purple underside or the purple veins and details. Here are some favorites for indoor plant lovers:
- Calathea roseopicta ('Purple Rose' or Medallion): Large, rounded leaves of a deep green upper surface with striking pink and purple patterns on the underside. It's one of the most striking varieties thanks to its intense contrast.
- Calathea rufibarba: It has elongated, narrow, wavy leaves with a velvety feel. The underside of the leaves is a characteristic dark purple, while the upper surface is deep green.
- Calathea ornata: Its elongated leaves have white and pink stripes on the upper side, and a very marked purple underside.
- Calathea makoyana: Also known as the "magnifying glass plant," it has intricate patterns in shades of green and brown, sometimes with violet highlights on the underside.
In addition to these, there are others such as Calathea zebrina, orbifolia or lancifolia, which, although not always purple, can show purple hues depending on environmental conditions.
Essential care for a Calathea with purple leaves
If there's one thing that characterizes Calathea, it's that to maintain its vibrant colors and healthy leaves, it requires special attention in certain areas. Although it's not the easiest to care for, by following some basic tips it's possible to ensure it grows happily and spectacularly at home.
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Calathea needs light, but never direct sunlight. It's essential to place it in a space with abundant but diffused light, such as near a window with a translucent curtain or in a well-lit corner. Direct sunlight can burn its leaves and dull its colors. If it is placed in a very dark location, it will grow slowly and may lose some of its purple coloration.
Ambient temperature and humidity
This plant is inseparable from humidity: It needs a warm and humid environment to thrive, ideally between 18°C and 26°C. It does not tolerate cold or sudden changes in temperature. It is highly recommended to place it away from heat sources such as radiators, stoves or air conditioners, since they can dry out the environment quickly.
To maintain adequate humidity you can use:
- A humidifier near the plant.
- Spray water on the leaves regularly.
- Group several plants to create a humid microclimate.
- Place the pot on a tray with water and stones (without the bottom of the pot being in direct contact with the water).
Irrigation
Watering Calathea is one of the most critical points and is often the main cause of problems:
- The substrate should always be slightly moist, never soaked and, of course, never dry. A useful trick is to insert a finger into the soil: if it feels dry at a depth of one centimeter, it's time to water.
- Use filtered, distilled or rainwater whenever possible, since they are very sensitive to the excess of minerals and chemicals present in tap water.
- The frequency of watering depends on the time of year, temperature and humidity: In summer, once a week is usually enough; in winter, every 10-14 days may be sufficient.
- Avoid puddles. Excess water causes root rot and yellow spots on leaves. It's better to underwater than overwater.
Substrate and transplant
The ideal soil for a Calathea should be rich in organic matter, loose and with excellent drainage. A quality universal substrate mix combined with peat, compost, perlite or coconut fiber works perfectly. Avoid substrates that retain too much water, such as pure sphagnum moss, as they can cause rot.
Repotting is usually necessary every one or two years: When you see roots protruding from the holes in the pot, or if the plant appears stagnant and the potting soil is depleted. When repotting, choose a pot that's at least 15% larger than the old one and make sure it has drainage holes.
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Fertilizing is important in spring and summer, when the Calathea is in full growth, But it should be done in moderation. Use liquid houseplant fertilizer or a nitrogen-rich fertilizer, diluted and applied every 4 to 6 weeks. In autumn and winter it is not necessary to fertilize, as it could damage the roots.
Pruning
Calathea pruning is reduced to removing damaged, dry or diseased leaves. To facilitate the emergence of new, healthy leaves and maintain their appearance. Always use clean, disinfected scissors to avoid spreading disease.
How to propagate your purple-leaved Calathea
Calathea is easily propagated by division during transplanting. This method involves carefully separating the parent plant into several sections, each with its own root and at least two healthy leaves. Place the divisions in individual pots with the same type of growing medium and maintain high humidity until they root.
Common pests and diseases
Like any houseplant, calatheas can be affected by some problems:
- Brown spots on the edges of the leaves usually indicate a lack of environmental humidity or inadequate watering.
- Yellow sheets They can be caused by either too much or too little water. Adjust your watering and check your drainage.
- Fall of leaves It is usually caused by sudden changes in temperature or air currents.
- Pests of mites, aphids or mealybugsIf you notice fine cobwebs or small insects, act quickly using a specific eco-friendly spray. Check the undersides of leaves frequently.
- root rot It is a result of overly moist or poorly drained soil. Change the soil if necessary and avoid waterlogging.
The key to avoiding most problems is maintaining humidity, stable temperature, and good overall plant hygiene.
Reasons to choose a purple-leaved Calathea for your home
Not only does it stand out for its beauty and exoticism, but it's also a safe and healthy option for any room in the house, including spaces with pets or children. Furthermore, its "interactive" behavior brings dynamism and life to the environment, making it a very special plant.
Caring for a purple Calathea requires a certain amount of commitment, but the rewards in color, texture, and presence are unsurpassed. By following the right tips, you'll enjoy a plant that never goes unnoticed and that also improves air quality and enhances your home's decor.