The use of organic fertilizers is one of the fundamental practices for sustainable and healthy gardening. Not only do they improve soil quality, but they also ensure a balanced supply of nutrients to plants without damaging the ecosystem. Unlike chemical fertilizers, organic They come from natural sources, providing a much more environmentally friendly option.
In this complete guide, you will learn in depth the different types of organic fertilizers available, their benefits, how to apply them correctly, and what mistakes to avoid to maximize their effectiveness in the garden. If you are looking to improve the quality of your soil and strengthen your plants naturally, this article is for you.
What are organic fertilizers and why choose them?
The organic fertilizers They are products derived from natural material, such as plant remains, manure or unprocessed minerals. Their main advantage is that they release the nutrients progressively, allowing more efficient absorption by plants and increasing soil fertility in the long term.
Use organic fertilizers has multiple benefits, including:
- It improves soil structure: They increase water retention and aeration, promoting microbial activity.
- They are more sustainable: reduce dependence on industrial chemicals and decrease soil and water pollution.
- They provide a continuous supply of nutrients: unlike synthetic fertilizers, organic They nourish the plants gradually.
- Prevent erosion: They help maintain soil stability, preventing its degradation.
Types of organic fertilizers
There are several types of organic fertilizers, each with specific properties that make them ideal for different garden needs. Below, we explore their main categories:
Fertilizers of plant origin
Coming from crop residues and agricultural by-products, they are an excellent option for enriching the soil. Some examples include:
- Compost: It is made from organic waste and is ideal for improving soil quality.
- Wood ash: rich in potassium and calcium, they help correct soil acidity.
- Seaweed flour: provides essential nutrients and improves plant resistance.
Fertilizers of animal origin
They come from manure and other animal derivatives. They are very rich in essential nutrients:
- Guano: excrement of seabirds and bats, highly concentrated in nitrogen and phosphorus.
- composted manure: from cow, horse or chicken, it is ideal for improving soil fertility.
- Bone-meal: excellent source of phosphorus and calcium, recommended to stimulate flowering and root development.
Fertilizers of mineral origin
These fertilizers They come from unprocessed natural minerals and provide key elements for plant growth:
- Phosphate rock: slow-release phosphorus source.
- Agricultural lime: helps balance soil pH.
- Silicates: improve plant resistance to diseases and environmental stress.
How to apply organic fertilizers correctly
To make the most of your expected benefits, it is essential to apply them appropriately. Here are some key tips:
- Analyze the soil: Before fertilizing, determine what nutrients your garden needs.
- Choose the right fertilizer: consider the needs of the plants and the type of soil.
- Apply at the right time: It is ideal to fertilize in spring and autumn, when the plants are in full growth.
- Use moderate doses: avoid the excess fertilizer, as it can cause nutritional imbalances.
Common mistakes when using organic fertilizers
Although organic fertilizers are beneficial, their incorrect use can cause problems in the garden. Some common mistakes include:
- Not composting manure properly: may burn plant roots if applied fresh.
- Using unbalanced fertilizers: It is important to choose a product with the right nutrients for the specific plants you grow.
- Apply excessively: Although they are natural, their excessive use can affect the composition of the soil.
The use of organic fertilizers It is an effective and environmentally friendly way to improve soil health and plant growth. There are various options depending on the needs of the garden, from compost to guano o mineral floursIn any case, remember that applying them correctly guarantees an optimal balance of nutrients that will help you achieve a lush and healthy garden.