Ferns are exotic and extremely ancient plants that can bring freshness and an ancestral touch to both the exterior and interior of homes. Although they require specific care, they are not as demanding as other plants and, with a few tricks, it is possible to keep them lush and healthy for a long time. Do you want to know how to keep your fern always radiant and full of life? Here we bring you all the details so that they never lose their greenery.
Throughout this article, you will discover the steps necessary to properly care for a fern, from location and watering to disease and pest prevention. In addition, you will learn some curious facts about these incredible plants, which have adorned our planet for millions of years and are even associated with meanings of prosperity and protection in Feng Shui.
Location and lighting conditions
One of the first factors we must take into account for a fern to remain lush and full of life is its location. Ferns love indirect sunlight, which means that They should not be directly exposed to the sun's rays, as this can burn their leaves. It is preferable to place them in semi-shaded areas or where they receive filtered light through a curtain.
It is also important to avoid strong air currents or sudden changes in temperature, as air currents can dehydrate the fern. Places such as hallways or areas near fans and air conditioners are not the most appropriate. If you live in a dry climate, it may be a good idea to place them in more humid areas such as the bathroom or kitchen.
Temperature and humidity
The Ferns They are tropical plants, so they prefer warm and humid environments. Ideally, they should be kept at a temperature between 15°C and 24°C.In cold climates or in winter, it is important to keep them away from cold sources such as open windows or heaters. Likewise, if the environment in your home is very dry due to heating or other causes, you can use a humidifier or place trays of water nearby to increase the humidity in their environment.
Adequate watering
Watering is essential to keep a fern lush and healthy, since ferns, in addition to the nutrients they get from the substrate, also need water. However, It is important not to overdo it with water, as they can rot if the soil is waterlogged. The key is to find a balance: the substrate should always be moist, but not soaked.
In warmer seasons like summer, you should water ferns more frequently, while in winter, watering can be reduced to 1 or 2 times a week. A good trick is to water with rainwater or slightly lukewarm water, as very cold water can damage the roots.
If you live in an area where the humidity is low or very low, it is also advisable to spray the leaves frequently. to keep the foliage fresh and prevent the leaves from drying out. If you notice the tips of the fronds (fern leaves) turning brown, it means the plant needs more moisture.
Fertilizer and manure
Nutrition is another crucial point to keep ferns in perfect condition. It is recommended Fertilize ferns at least once a month with special fertilizer for indoor plants or ferns. This supplement should be applied during the growing months (spring and summer), since in autumn and winter the plant usually enters a resting phase and does not require as many nutrients.
Another excellent trick is to mix the fertilizer with worm humus or add natural fertilizers such as potassium nitrate or urea, which will provide the plant with the necessary nutrients to make it look spectacular.
Pruning and maintenance
Although ferns do not need regular pruning like other plants, It is important to remove dry or withered leaves so that the plant can continue to grow strongly. If you see brown or spotted leaves, it is advisable to remove them, as they may be a sign of a humidity or nutrient problem.
You should also be aware of the appearance of insects or pests, such as the cochineal, which usually nests in the leaves. An effective trick is to clean the leaves with a cotton swab soaked in olive or vegetable oil and manually remove the insects. This way you will avoid damaging your fern with pesticides.
transplant and substrate
Another aspect to consider is repotting. Ferns tend to grow quickly, so it is necessary to repot them every one or two years, depending on their size. It is recommended to use plastic or terracotta pots. that maintain good humidity.
As for the substrate, it is ideal to have a nutrient-rich and well-drained mixture. A good combination can be to mix one part of compost or peat with another part of heather soil, which will allow the fern to retain sufficient moisture without becoming waterlogged.
Common problems with ferns
Although ferns are hardy plants, they can face some common problems that, if not detected in time, can affect their growth and appearance:
- Yellowish or brown-spotted leaves: This is due to excessive exposure to heat or lack of humidity.
- Deformed or sticky leaves: Indicates the presence of pests such as mealybugs. You can treat them by applying vegetable oil to the affected areas.
- Slow or stunted growth: If the leaves are not growing well or are dull in color, they probably need more nutrients. Change the substrate and apply fertilizer.
- Young leaf rot: This usually happens when the plant is overwatered or is in an excessively humid area. Adjust watering and make sure drainage is working properly.
Ferns are impressive plants that, with proper care, can fill any corner of your home with life, freshness and good energy. Remember to provide them with adequate humidity, good indirect lighting, and regular attention to their leaves and growth. With these simple tips, your fern will always be lush and spectacular.