Aeschynanthus, Also known as esquinantus, esquenanthus or lipstick plant, is a botanical gem native to the tropical and subtropical areas of Southeast Asia, especially countries such as Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, as well as areas of Borneo, Java, India and southern China. Its exotic character, along with its large, green, shiny leaves and its extraordinary flowers make it one of the most appreciated hanging plants to decorate homes and offices. Adaptable, resistant and, in addition, easy maintenance indoors, Aeschynanthus is the perfect choice for both beginners and experienced gardeners.
Botanical and ornamental characteristics of Aeschynanthus
The species of Aeschynanthus grouped in the family Gesneriaceae They are herbaceous plants that can grow as epiphytes or sub-shrubs in their natural environment, developing a perfect structure for hanging baskets or tall planters. Its stems They are cylindrical, thin, and long, and can reach up to a meter in length, growing in an arched shape, either upright or hanging depending on the variety. Some species, such as 'Twister' or 'Rasta', are particularly notable for the curvature and twisting of their stems and leaves.
The leaves Aeschynanthus are perennial, opposite leaves, usually ovate, elliptical, or lanceolate in shape, with short petioles and smooth margins. Their texture is usually fleshy or leathery, deep, glossy green on the upper surface and lighter on the underside, sometimes with a slightly waxy appearance. In some varieties, the leaves have variegated patterns or different shades of color, providing a unique and highly decorative touch.
The flowers The Aeschynanthus flowers are the main ornamental attraction, standing out at the end of the stems in clusters or axillary inflorescences. These flowers are of tubular, flared and hanging shape, with colors ranging from bright red, maroon, orange to yellow or greenish hues. The name "lipstick plant" comes precisely from the resemblance of the closed buds to a lipstick, especially in the case of Aeschynanthus radicals and the Aeschynanthus lobbianusThe calyx is usually burgundy, and when the flower opens, long pistils and stamens emerge, accentuating its exotic appearance.
El fruit It is a linear capsule that, in certain species, can measure up to 50 centimeters, containing numerous tiny seeds inside.
Most popular varieties and types of Aeschynanthus
Within the genre Aeschynanthus There are numerous species and cultivars appreciated in gardening and interior design. Some of the best known are:
- Aeschynanthus radicals: Also known as the 'Mona Lisa,' this is one of the most common and prized, with thick, ovate leaves and deep red flowers. It's one of the most commonly used in hanging pots.
- Aeschynanthus lobbianus: characterized by its large, bright red flowers with orange hues.
- Aeschynanthus japhrolepis: It has thin, lanceolate leaves, bright green in color, and more elongated and delicate stems.
- Aeschynanthus rasta: famous for the twisting of its leaves, which gives it a very unique and attractive appearance.
- Aeschynanthus twister: It stands out for the curl of its stems and leaves, providing texture and volume.
- Aeschynanthus marmoratus: with mottled leaves in various shades of green.
- Aeschynanthus parviflorus: with smaller flowers and soft orange or yellow tones.
It is important not to confuse them with other similar plants of the Gesneriaceae family, such as those of the genus column, which may share hanging habits and tubular flowers, but differ in structure and specific needs.
When and how does Aeschynanthus bloom?
El flowering period Aeschynanthus flowering typically occurs during spring and summer, although sporadic blooms can be achieved year-round under ideal light, temperature, and humidity conditions. Adequate light and warm temperatures encourage continuous flower production, which is the primary indicator that the plant is happy in its location.
The flowers are usually grouped in showy clusters that stand out against the intense green of the foliage, providing great ornamental value in both domestic environments and in offices or indoor garden areas.
Light requirements and optimal location
La Aeschynanthus requires abundant indirect light to grow vigorously and bloom. Although it tolerates some shade, insufficient light can cause a lack of blooms and weak stems. The best location is near east- or west-facing windows, where morning or late-afternoon light falls gently, or in well-lit spaces but away from direct sunlight, which could burn the leaves and damage the flowers.
In warm climates, it can be grown outdoors, especially on terraces or balconies, always protected from intense sun and drafts. If you grow it indoors, avoid exposing it to drafts, air conditioning vents, or heating systems, and never place it in dark areas.
Aeschynanthus responds positively to artificial lighting, making it an ideal choice for offices or dimly lit rooms. A few hours of extra light from LED lamps can make a huge difference in its appearance and flowering.
Ideal ambient temperature and humidity
As a tropical plant, Aeschynanthus requires warm temperatures to thrive. The ideal range is between 18 and 27 ° C. It doesn't tolerate cold: temperatures below 15°C can damage leaves and stems, turning them reddish or even causing foliage to fall. Below 5°C, the plant is at risk of dying.
La humidity This is a key aspect: these plants enjoy humid environments, similar to their natural habitat. In dry areas (especially in winter with heating), it's recommended to place the pot on trays of pebbles and water—without the base of the pot touching the water—or use humidifiers. Spraying the leaves with warm water can be beneficial on hot or dry days. However, avoid directly wetting flowers and young shoots to prevent fungal infections.
Substrate and transplant: how to prepare the best environment
The substrate for Aeschynanthus should be light, airy and with excellent drainage, mimicking its epiphytic habitat. It is recommended to mix black peat or mulch perlite or pine bark in equal parts; adding coconut fiber is also effective to improve water retention without weighing down the substrate.
To repot the plant, choose a slightly larger pot each time. 2-3 years During spring, place a layer of expanded clay pebbles or stones at the base to improve drainage, add fresh soil, and handle the roots carefully, as they are fragile.
Make sure the pot has sufficient drainage holes. Choose hanging baskets or tall planters to encourage hanging growth and show off the flowers and stems.
Watering and fertilizing: balancing moisture to avoid problems
El Watering should be moderate, keeping the substrate slightly moist but never waterlogged. Excess water can cause root rot and the development of fungi such as botrytis.
- Spring-summer: Water two or three times a week, reducing the frequency if humidity is high. It's best to water when the top layer of the substrate begins to dry out.
- Winter: Reduce the frequency to once a week, or even every 10-15 days depending on the temperature and environment. With lower temperatures and less light, the plant goes dormant and requires less water.
always use lime and chlorine-free water, preferably rainwater or filtered water. Avoid wetting the foliage and flowers during watering to prevent disease.
El subscriber It's essential to enhance flowering and foliage quality. Use liquid fertilizer for flowering plants every two weeks during spring and summer, or a good-quality universal fertilizer. Alternatively, liquid guano is fine, always following the manufacturer's instructions. In autumn and winter, suspend fertilization to respect the dormant period.
Pruning and training: keeping your Aeschynanthus compact and vigorous
It is not essential to prune the Aeschynanthus, but one light formative pruning at the beginning of spring It promotes the development of new branches and a more compact and attractive appearance. Remove very long, dry, or damaged stems, as well as dead leaves, to improve their appearance and promote budding. You can use the pruning waste to take cuttings and multiply your plant.
Propagation of Aeschynanthus: guaranteed success with cuttings
Aeschynanthus is easily multiplied by stem cuttings, although it is also possible to do it by seed (less common and slower). The best time is late spring and early summer, although some varieties also allow reproduction in autumn.
- Cut healthy, flowerless stem apical segments about 10-15 centimeters long.
- Remove the lower leaves so they can focus their energy on rooting.
- Plant the cuttings in small pots with very light substrate, keeping them moist without flooding.
- Optionally, use rooting hormones to speed up the process.
- Keep the cuttings in a bright, warm place; they will begin to develop roots within a few weeks.
You can also root cuttings in clean water, changing it every two days, and transplant them into the substrate when strong roots appear.
Common pests and problems: prevention and solution
La Aeschynanthus It is a fairly resistant plant, although in closed environments or with excessive dryness it can be affected by:
- Aphids: they group together in shoots and flowers, weakening the plant.
- Red spider: It usually appears with heat and low humidity, forming small cobwebs.
- Mealybugs (cottony or shield): they adhere to stems and leaves, sucking sap.
- Botrytis (gray rot): appears if there is excess moisture in the substrate or poor drainage.
For pest control, it's recommended to clean leaves and stems with a damp cloth and apply mild organic insecticides or neem oil. For severe infestations, use specific products, always following the manufacturer's instructions. Keeping the plant well-aerated and avoiding overwatering are the best preventative measures.
Advanced care and expert advice
To keep your Aeschynanthus in its prime for years to come, keep these tips in mind:
- Avoid sudden changes of location, as they can cause flower and bud drop.
- Respect its winter dormancy period by lowering the temperature, watering frequency, and suspending fertilization.
- In very dry environments, use humidifiers or mist sprays (without wetting the flowers).
- Remember that hanging baskets tend to dry out faster, so they will require more frequent checking of the substrate.
- Place the plant away from drafts, cold air, or direct heating to avoid foliar stress.
- Do not move the plant when it is about to flower. to prevent flower buds from falling.
Where to buy Aeschynanthus
Thanks to its growing popularity, Aeschynanthus and its main varieties (Mona Lisa, Rasta, Twister) can be found in most specialized nurseries, garden centers, and online stores. There are currently numerous options and prices depending on the size and variety, making it easy to find the perfect specimen for any space or budget.
Aeschynanthus is, without a doubt, one of the most exotic, hardy, and versatile hanging plants for interior decoration. By following these care tips and paying attention to its basic light, humidity, and substrate requirements, you'll enjoy a healthy, vibrant plant with spectacular blooms for many years.