Aloe arborescens, also known as candelabra aloe, aloe, octopus plant or bitter aloe, is one of the most appreciated species within the Aloe genus, not only for its ornamental appeal, but for its remarkable medicinal and ecological properties. Native to the coastal and mountainous areas of southern Africa, this succulent plant has adapted to different regions and climates of the world, demonstrating great resistance and adaptability, making it an excellent choice for both gardens and therapeutic purposes.
Botanical characteristics and visual description
El Aloe arborescens It is a perennial shrub, with a woody and branched base, which can reach a height of 1 to 4 meters in optimal conditions. Its leaves are fleshy, lanceolate and toothed on the edges, arranged in spectacular rosettes that are part of a branched structure unique to the aloe family. The leaves are usually up to 50 cm long and have a glaucous green color or grayish, with a characteristic waxy shine.
The flowers Aloe arborescens leaves are tubular and vibrant orange-red in color, arranged in terminal inflorescences which can grow to over 60 cm in height. Flowering usually occurs during the cooler months, and the flowers, grouped in large clusters, attract numerous pollinating insects, birds, and other animals, thus promoting biodiversity in the environment.
The fruit is a thin-walled capsule containing numerous seeds that develops after the flowers are pollinated. Its structure and high seed production make this plant a species that propagates easily both naturally and in controlled cultivation.
Medicinal properties of Aloe arborescens
El clear gel that is obtained from the inside of its leaves is the most valuable part of the Aloe arborescens in therapeutic terms. This gel contains a rich combination of polysaccharides, vitamins (A, C, E, B1, B2, B3, B6, B12), minerals such as calcium, magnesium, potassium and zinc, enzymes, essential amino acids and antioxidant compoundsAll this gives aloe arborescens a powerful action:
- Healing and regenerating: Promotes the healing of wounds, burns, ulcers and skin lesions, thanks to its ability to stimulate cell regeneration and collagen production.
- Anti-inflammatory and analgesic: Relieves discomfort caused by irritation, inflammation and pain, and is widely used in the case of dermatological conditions such as eczema, dermatitis, acne, psoriasis and bites.
- Antibacterial and antifungal: Its topical and oral use helps fight bacteria, fungi and other pathogens, preventing secondary infections in wounds and burns.
- antirust: Neutralizes free radicals, protects the skin from premature aging and strengthens the immune system.
- Digestive and purifyingWhen taken in small doses and under supervision, aloe gel can relieve digestive disorders such as gastritis, ulcers, constipation, and contribute to the detoxification of the body.
It is relevant to highlight that there are studies that support the effectiveness of Aloe arborescens in accelerating wound healing, reducing bacterial growth and supporting the immune system. Furthermore, its potential role as an adjuvant in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases and its antitumor effects are being investigated.
Contraindications and precautions for medicinal use
Although the Aloe arborescens offers multiple therapeutic benefits, it is essential to use it responsibly. Oral consumption should be done in a moderate and controlled, since in high doses it can have strong laxative and even purgative effects due to the presence of anthraquinones.
- Not recommended its administration to pregnant or breastfeeding women, as well as to children under two years of age.
- It is contraindicated in cases of internal bleeding, heart or kidney disease, acute diarrhea, electrolyte disturbances, and in people with serious gastrointestinal diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, or ulcerative colitis.
- It should not be used continuously with cardiotonic heterosides, corticosteroids, licorice extracts or diuretic medications due to possible interactions.
For external use, aloe arborescens is considered safe and can be applied directly to the skin to treat burns, wounds, or irritations, provided that prior testing is performed to rule out allergies.
Growing Aloe arborescens: requirements and care
El Aloe arborescens stands out for its ease of cultivation and low maintenance, even for gardening enthusiasts. It prefers warm, dry climates, although it can tolerate low temperatures and light frosts if the soil remains dry. It adapts well to different types of soil, although light, well-drained soils They are optimal for preventing waterlogging and root rot.
- Light: It requires full sun or partial shade. Indoors, place it near well-lit windows.
- Temperature: It tolerates temperatures down to -4°C. It withstands low temperatures better if the soil is dry.
- Irrigation: Watering should be done sparingly and only when the substrate is completely dry. During the winter, it is recommended to reduce the frequency even further to avoid excess moisture.
- Subscriber: It is not essential, but a balanced fertilizer can be applied once or twice a year during the growing season.
- Pruning: It is advisable to remove dry or damaged leaves to maintain the health and aesthetics of the plant, as well as to promote flowering.
El Aloe arborescens It can be grown in wide, well-drained pots, in rock gardens, or as hedges in outdoor spaces. It is a drought-resistant species with very low water requirements, ideal for sustainable gardens or xerogardening.
Methods of propagation and multiplication
The reproduction of the Aloe arborescens It is mainly carried out by cuttings (suckers) that emerge from the base of the parent plant. These suckers can be carefully separated, root included, and transplanted to a new location. It is also possible to propagate it by seeds, although this method is slower and less common in home gardening.
- By cuttings: Select mature seedlings, separate them with a portion of the root, and plant them in a well-drained potting mix. Keep the soil moist until they root.
- By seeds: They are sown in spring in a light, sandy substrate, maintaining a mild temperature and controlled humidity.
Uses in traditional medicine and cosmetics
El Aloe arborescens It has been used for centuries in traditional medicine in various cultures. Its applications include:
- Treatment for burns, cuts, bites, wounds and dermatological conditions through topical use of the fresh gel.
- Elaboration of ointments, creams and gels for skin hydration, rejuvenation and protection.
- Oral administration in small doses, under professional supervision, to improve digestive health and strengthen the immune system.
- It is used in natural cosmetics to make products that provide an effect natural lifting, reduces expression lines and revitalize the skin.
- Its nectar and flowers are used in the production of tinctures and homemade remedies.
In recent decades, scientific and commercial interest in Aloe arborescens has grown, motivating research into its active compounds and the development of highly effective natural products for both therapeutic and aesthetic purposes.
Ecological and ornamental benefits
In addition to its medicinal applications, Aloe arborescens plays an important role in the biodiversity conservation and the environmental balance:
- Serves as shelter and food for birds, insects and other animals, contributing to pollination and the food chain.
- Help the atmospheric carbon fixation and oxygen release, helping to address the effects of climate change.
- Due to its resistance to drought and low water requirements, it is ideal for Sustainable gardens, xeriscaping and restoration of degraded soils.
- It is a excellent living barrier or security hedge in fields and orchards, especially in regions where natural protection against intruders and animals is sought.
Its exotic appearance and the beauty of its flowers make it a high-value ornamental option in parks, public and private gardens, balconies, and urban facilities.
Taxonomic classification and common names
Scientific classification:
- Kingdom: Plantae
- Division: Angiosperms
- Class: Monocotyledons
- Order: Asparagales
- Family: Xanthorrhoeaceae
- Genus: Aloe
- Species: Aloe arborescens
Common names:
- Octopus plant, bitter aloe, candelabra aloe, aloe vera
- Català: Cames de pop, canelobre aloe
- Euskara: Aloe arborescens
- Candelabra aloe
- Aloe do Natal
- Asturianu: Pulpu plant, aloe candelabru, candelabru
Frequently asked questions about Aloe arborescens
- What is the difference between Aloe arborescens and Aloe vera?
Aloe arborescens is generally more resistant and has a higher concentration of active ingredients, although both share similar properties. In addition, Aloe arborescens is distinguished by its bushy appearance and reddish inflorescences. To learn more about their differences, you can review Care and characteristics of Aloe arborescens. - How do you use Aloe arborescens gel?
It can be applied directly to the skin to treat burns, wounds, and skin conditions, or taken internally in minimal doses under professional guidance. - Can I grow it in a pot?
Yes, it only requires a wide pot, well-drained soil, and full sun exposure. Ideal for terraces and balconies. - What precautions should I take when collecting leaves?
Choose leaves from plants older than 3 years, carefully cut them and remove the outer skin to use only the inner gel.
