Introduction to Cissus quadrangularis: Characteristics and origin
Cissus quadrangularis, commonly known as "pasture grape", "bone straightener" or "veldt grape" is a succulent climbing plant It captivates with its unusual appearance and is one of the most versatile and appreciated species in both ornamental gardening and traditional medicine. It belongs to the Vitaceae family, the same as the vine. This species It stands out for its angular stems with a square section, a structure that gives it the name “quadrangularis”, dark green in color and sometimes reddish tones due to sun exposure.
From tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa, especially India, Thailand, Sri Lanka and parts of the African continent, the plant has spread its presence to America and the Caribbean, adapting and even naturalizing in some areas as an invasive species.
Botanical description of the hanging plant
La Cissus quadrangularis It is recognized by its Fleshy, prismatic stems 7-10 cm long and 3-5 cm wide which, when old, can grow to over two meters in length. Leaves and tendrils emerge from each end, allowing it to adhere and climb, making it an excellent choice as a hanging plant, climbing vines or even to cover pergolas and walls.
The leaves are small, trilobed, deep green, with serrated margins; they usually fall from older stems, remaining visible mainly on new shoots. Flowering is rare (more frequent on mature specimens or in optimal conditions), presenting tiny yellow or light green flowers grouped in short inflorescences. The fruits are small berries, typical of the family.
Medicinal properties of Cissus quadrangularis
The medicinal use of Cissus quadrangularis It dates back to traditional Indian Ayurvedic and African systemsToday, most supplements and preparations use stem and leaf extracts, which contain the active ingredients.
Main active compounds: carotenoids, triterpenoids, flavonoids (such as diosmin and hesperidin), high amounts of vitamin C, essential minerals, and antioxidant compounds. These substances provide the plant with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic and digestive properties.
- Bone health: It stimulates the production of osteoblasts, promotes bone growth, increases calcium absorption and, according to studies, can reduce fracture healing time and decrease the risk of recurrent fractures.
- Weight loss and metabolism: It promotes the reduction of body fat, stimulates metabolism, and controls appetite by modulating cortisol. As a complement to diet and exercise, it amplifies the fat-burning effect.
- Heart and circulatory system: It helps control total cholesterol and triglycerides and reduce high blood pressure. Its antioxidant properties help prevent cardiovascular disease.
- Diabetes: It regulates blood sugar and insulin response, helping to maintain blood sugar within optimal ranges.
- Venotonic properties: Reduces inflammation and pain associated with hemorrhoids and varicose veins, and improves venous function.
- Relief from pain, joints and inflammation: Vitamin C and antioxidants help alleviate joint and muscle pain and menstrual cramps.
- digestive health: Traditionally used against gastric ulcers, stomach discomfort and to protect the digestive system.
- Immunity and general health: Strengthens the immune system and helps fight minor viral and bacterial infections.
Health benefits backed by science and tradition
- Bone Healing: In experimental studies, the extract significantly reduces the healing time of bone fractures, stimulates bone mass formation, and improves calcium absorption. Animal studies and clinical observations in humans corroborate that regular consumption can speed recovery from fractures, sprains, and other bone injuries. More information on the medicinal use of plants.
- Weight control and metabolism: Extracts help suppress appetite, reduce fat formation, and promote lean muscle mass development. Studies in overweight people show significant weight loss and improvements in metabolic parameters such as cholesterol and glucose when combining Cissus quadrangularis with dietary control and exercise.
- Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties: It is a natural alternative to relieve pain caused by inflammation, arthritis, and menstrual processes, thanks to its antioxidants and high concentration of vitamin C.
How to consume Cissus quadrangularis: Common uses and presentations
- Supplements: Capsules, liquid extracts, and concentrated powders are very popular. Dosages vary depending on the purpose and the formulation, so it's recommended to follow the manufacturer's instructions or the advice of a healthcare professional.
- Infusions and decoctions: In traditional medicine, stems and leaves are boiled to prepare infusions with digestive, anti-inflammatory and soothing effects.
- Feeding: In some countries, parts of the plant are used in traditional cooking to add a slightly acidic flavor and enhance the nutritional value of dishes.
Warning: Cissus quadrangularis is safe to consume in most cases, especially for short periods and in appropriate doses. However, it may cause mild discomfort (headache, gas, insomnia, or diarrhea) in sensitive individuals or if consumed in excess. It is not recommended during pregnancy, breastfeeding, or in combination with certain medications without medical supervision.
Care and cultivation of Cissus quadrangularis as a hanging plant
In addition to its medicinal benefits, Cissus quadrangularis is an excellent hanging ornamental plantIts hardiness, ease of multiplication, and rapid growth make it a favorite for both beginners and advanced hobbyists.
- Lighting: Requires a lot of light to develop fully and tolerate direct sunlight. Indoors, it needs to be placed near a bright window, avoiding shady corners where it slows its growth.
- Temperature: It tolerates a wide range of temperatures, preferably between 8-35°C; it should not be exposed to frost as it can deteriorate rapidly.
- Substratum: It prefers aerated, rocky soils with excellent drainage. A suitable mix contains peat, leaf mulch and coarse sand in equal parts.
- Irrigation: Moderate watering in warmer weather (once or twice a week). In winter, biweekly watering is sufficient. Avoid waterlogging, as excess moisture can rot the roots.
- Multiplication: It's very easy to grow cuttings. Simply cut a healthy stem with a sharp, disinfected tool, let it dry for 24 to 48 hours, and plant it in well-draining soil.
- Pruning: Pruning in early spring is recommended to maintain the desired shape and encourage young shoots. Remove old or damaged stems to improve structure.
- Fertilization: It can be fertilized with balanced liquid fertilizers (NPK 20-20-20) in spring and summer every 2-3 weeks. Suspend fertilization in autumn and winter.
- Plagues and diseases: Generally hardy. Occasionally, it may be attacked by coccids, snails, or spider mites in very dry environments. Keeping the plant well ventilated and checking the substrate will prevent most problems.
- Support: As a climber, it responds well to support with tutors, trellises or hanging pots, adapting to pergolas and balconies.
Other species of the genus Cissus recommended for indoor and outdoor use
The Cissus genus comprises more than 300 species, many of which are prized as indoor and outdoor plants for their showy foliage and hardiness. Notable among these are:
- Cissus rhombifolia: Popular as an indoor vine, with dark green, rhomboidal leaves and vigorous growth.
- Cissus antarctica: “Kangaroo vine”, native to Australia, resistant to low temperatures.
- Cissus discolor: Leaves with spectacular combinations of green, white, and pink; it requires warm, humid environments.
- Cissus alata: Large leaves with lateral “wings”, robust growth and preference for light without direct sunlight.
- Cissus trifoliata: Trilobed leaves, woody stems and a certain rusticity.
The most commonly used varieties are: hanging plants They are Cissus quadrangularis and Cissus rhombifolia, due to their great adaptability and low maintenance.
Cissus quadrangularis in contemporary medicine and supplementation
The development of Cissus quadrangularis supplements responds to the growing interest in botanical ingredients supported by both tradition and scientific evidence. They are marketed capsules, powders and liquid extracts standardized in active compounds, making them very popular among athletes, people seeking to control their weight, or those wishing to strengthen bone and joint health.
Security advice: Always consult a healthcare professional before starting supplementation, especially if you are taking other medications or have pre-existing medical conditions. It is not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women. Limit use to periods of 6-8 weeks unless directed by a healthcare professional and follow the recommended doses to avoid adverse effects.
Facts and curiosities about Cissus quadrangularis
- Known as “bone straightener” in Ayurveda and other traditions for its use in fractures and injuries.
- Es symbol of resilience and recovery in some cultures because of their ability to survive in adverse conditions.
- It is sometimes classified as an invasive plant in regions where its growth is very rapid.
- In some traditional Asian and African cuisines, the tender stems are incorporated into soups and stews.
- Pollinator attraction: produces discreet flowers that attract bees, promoting biodiversity.
- Its low water requirement and rapid development make it Ecological cultivation ideal for sustainable projects.
Frequently asked questions about Cissus quadrangularis and hanging plants of the genus
- Is it easy to multiply?
Very easy to propagate by stem cuttings. Cut a healthy segment, let it dry, and plant it in aerated soil. - Can it be grown indoors?
It thrives in very bright locations. If there is insufficient light, growth will be slow, and it is preferable to place it outdoors or on balconies. - What to do if spots appear on the leaves?
Make sure not to overwater the substrate, improve ventilation, and use natural fungicides if necessary. - Is the plant toxic?
Its stems and leaves are not toxic to humans at normal doses, but self-medication without information is not recommended.
Alternatives and complementary species
If you are looking to expand your collection of hanging plants with health benefits, other interesting options within the genus Vitaceae and related genera include:
- Parthenocissus tricuspidata: Dense foliage, ideal for walls and pergolas.
- Cissus verticillata: Known for medicinal uses in tropical areas of America.
- Kalanchoe pinnata: Medicinal succulent appreciated in herbal medicine.
La Cissus quadrangularis It has earned a prominent place in both natural medicine and gardening for its versatility, resistance and great beauty as a hanging plant. Its ability to adapt to various environmental conditions, its simple care, ease of multiplication and, above all, its Proven benefits for bone, joint, metabolic and circulatory health make it an irreplaceable option for those looking for a plant that combines functionality and decoration. Take advantage of its properties and encourage yourself to grow it in your home, terrace or garden to enjoy an exceptionally beneficial and decorative plant.