Creating a terrarium with plants is an activity that not only beautifies the home, but also allows you to enjoy a small, miniature ecosystem that can flow almost autonomously. Terrariums are gaining popularity as a form of decoration that also helps improve air quality, reduce stress, and promote a relaxing atmosphere in the home. In this article, we'll explore what terrariums are, the steps to create them, and useful tips for its maintenance.
What is a terrarium?
Un terrarium It is a container, usually made of glass, that houses a variety of plants and, in some cases, may include small animals, creating a mini-ecosystem. Terrariums can be closed or open, and allow for the recreation of an environment that simulates natural conditions, generating its own climate. Plants inside a terrarium benefit from transpiration and condensation, which provide them with the necessary humidity for growth.
Types of terrariums
Terrariums are classified according to their maintenance method and the type of plants they can house. Some of them are described below:
- Closed terrariums: These are sealed containers that maintain a humid environment, allowing plants to grow in greenhouse-like conditions.
- Open terrariums: They're ideal for plants that require less humidity, such as succulents and cacti. These terrariums allow for better ventilation and proper drainage.
Materials needed for a terrarium
Creating a terrarium is affordable and customizable. Below are the basic materials you'll need:
- Glass container: It can be any type of container, such as a jar, bottle, or fish tank. Choose one that's transparent so light can enter and you can enjoy your mini-garden.
- Sewer system: Small stones, gravel, or clay will be necessary to prevent plant roots from becoming waterlogged and rotting.
- Activated carbon: This material keeps the water fresh and prevents the formation of unpleasant odors.
- Substratum: Use a lightweight substrate that has good drainage properties, such as peat moss or potting soil.
- Plants: Choose plants that are suitable for the available space and that have similar light and moisture requirements, such as succulent plants.
Steps to create a terrarium
Now that you have all your materials ready, follow these steps to create your terrarium:
- Container preparation: Wash the glass container thoroughly with soap and water to remove any residue. This helps prevent plant diseases.
- Drain placement: Add a layer of stones or gravel to the bottom of the container. This step is crucial to prevent excess water from accumulating on the roots.
- Add activated carbon: After the stones, add a thin layer of activated charcoal. This will help filter the air and water, keeping the terrarium fresh and bacteria-free.
- Add substrate: Next, add a layer of substrate that will house your plants. About 5 cm deep is sufficient.
- Plant: Create small holes in the substrate and place the plants, making sure their roots are well covered by the soil.
- Decoration: If you wish, add decorative elements such as stones, figures or moss to beautify your terrarium, including the recommendations of terrarium decoration with plants.
- Irrigation: Lightly mist the plants and substrate with filtered or distilled water. Overwatering isn't necessary, as the terrarium system will help maintain humidity.
Maintaining a terrarium
Once your terrarium is up and running, maintenance is essential to ensure healthy plant growth. Here are some tips:
- Light: Place the terrarium in a location where it receives indirect light. Direct sunlight can overheat the terrarium and damage the plants.
- Irrigation: Monitor the humidity level. In a closed terrarium, water is recycled through condensation, so frequent watering is not required.
- Ventilation: If you notice excess moisture, open the terrarium lid occasionally to allow air circulation.
- Pruning: As your plants grow, you'll need to prune them to prevent crowding and maintain a tidy appearance.
- Pest control: Regularly inspect the terrarium for pests and diseases. Remove any dead or damaged plants to maintain a balanced ecosystem.
Choosing plants for your terrarium
The proper selection of Facilities is crucial to the success of your terrarium. Some plants that are ideal for closed terrariums include:
- Ferns: They are perfect for humid environments and do not require much direct light.
- Fittonia: Known for its colorful foliage, it is a popular choice for terrariums seeking a decorative touch.
- Bromeliads: These plants allow a tropical environment and adapt well to humid conditions.
- Mosses: Ideal for the terrarium floor, they help retain moisture and provide an attractive texture, being useful as part of the decoration of your plants.
Additional tips
Here are some helpful tips that can help you create a successful terrarium:
- Recycle materials: Use old glass bottles or jars for your terrariums. It's a creative way to repurpose them.
- Be patient: Plant growth in a terrarium can be slow; be patient and take care of the environment to help them flourish.
- To experience: Don't be afraid to try different combinations of plants and decorations to find what you like best.
Creating a terrarium can be a rewarding and educational experience for both adults and children. Through this activity, you'll learn about ecosystems and plant care while enjoying a beautiful miniature garden in your home. Feel free to experiment and customize your terrarium to make it truly unique.
