Why is my succulent dying? All the causes and solutions
The succulents They have become one of the favorite plants to decorate homes and offices thanks to their easy maintenance and its incredible ability to adapt to adverse conditions. However, it's not uncommon for a plant lover to wonder at some point: Why is my succulent dying? Although its reputation for resilience is well deserved, the truth is that numerous factors can cause deterioration and death. Below, we analyze in detail the main causes, how to identify them, and, most importantly, what to do to revive your plant or prevent it from happening again.
Main reasons why your succulent may be dying
- Natural aging
All plants have a life cycle and lower leaves The leaves of succulents eventually dry out and fall off as the plant grows and renews its foliage. This process is completely normal and should only be a concern if leaf drop occurs extensively or if the upper leaves are affected. - Improper irrigation: Excess or lack of water
Identify the optimal irrigation point is crucial. Succulents store water in their leaves and stems, but they should not be left without water for too long. lack of irrigation It manifests itself in wrinkled, dry, raisin-like leaves and even in bare stems. On the contrary, excess irrigation It causes soft, yellowish, translucent leaves and brown stems, in addition to the dreaded root rot due to stagnant water. - Lack or excess of sunlight
Succulents require abundant light, but indirect for most species. If they receive little light, the plant develops long or etiolated stems ("leggy"), pale and loose leaves. If they receive too much direct light without acclimatization, they may appear dark spots and burnsIt is advisable to gradually accustom succulents to direct sunlight if they need it (especially in spring and summer). - Inadequate substrate or drainage
Un poor substrate It can retain too much water and hinder healthy growth, promoting fungi and disease. Ideally, a specific substrate for succulents or cacti containing gravel, perlite, or coarse sand is recommended, avoiding heavy universal substrates. - Acclimatization to the new environment
Moving a succulent from a nursery or greenhouse to your home causes environmental shock. Sudden changes in light, water, or temperature can trigger leaf drop. It's recommended to create a period of progressive acclimatization. - Fertilizer excess
Although they are usually plants of upon requestExcessive fertilizer can be toxic, causing leaf drop, weak shoots, and root and leaf burn. Fertilize only during the growing season, using specific, diluted products.
Specific problems and how to identify them in your succulent
- Color loss: If your succulent's leaves are losing color, it may be due to too much direct sunlight. It's best to place it in bright but filtered light or behind a curtain.
- Deformation and uneven growth: Leaves that twist or elongate toward a light source indicate a lack of light exposure. Gradually move the plant to a better-lit location.
- Presence of dry leaves: It is essential to regularly remove dry leaves from the substrate, as they can attract pests such as mealybugs and promote fungi.
- Sudden loss of leaves: If leaves suddenly drop, review your watering schedule and see if there are any changes in temperature, recent fertilization, or transplants.
How to identify if your succulent is overwatered or underwatered
- Signs of excess water: Yellow, translucent, and soft leaves, easy leaf drop, soft stems, and the presence of mold or a bad smell at the base.
- Solution: Let the substrate dry completely, transplant if necessary to dry soil and in containers with sewer system, remove rotten roots with disinfected scissors.
- Signs of water shortage: Withered, wrinkled and dry leaves, very closed rosette, loss of rigidity and dull color.
- Solution: Water gradually until you see improvement. Recovery is usually quick if the drought hasn't been too prolonged.
Ideal environmental conditions for healthy succulents
- Light: At least 6-8 hours of indirect natural light each day. Avoid sudden changes in location.
- Temperature: They prefer warm environments, but tolerate nighttime drops as in their natural habitat. They avoid drafts and frost.
- Humidity: Dry and ventilated environments. If you live in a humid area, use a dehumidifier or ventilate the rooms to prevent mold.
- Irrigation: Water only when the substrate is completely dry. Increase the frequency during the growth phase and reduce it during the dormant phase.
- Substratum: Succulent/cactus mix or make your own combination with soil, coarse sand and perlite.
- Fertilization: Apply only during the growing season and always in low doses specific for succulents.
Common pests and diseases in succulents
Although succulents are usually hardy, they are not free from pests y enfermedades:
- Mealybugs: Small white masses hidden among the leaves. Remove them by hand and treat with potassium soap or neem oil.
- Mites: Blackheads, fine cobwebs, and a powdery appearance. Use natural insecticides.
- Fungi: They usually appear due to excess humidity and poor ventilation. Remove affected areas and transplant if necessary.
Extra care and constant observation
Know the type of succulent that you have is essential. There are monocarpic species (they die after flowering), so if your plant seems to "die" after abundant flowering, it may be part of its normal life cycle.
Al transplant When handling your succulent, make sure there's no root damage and that the pot has drainage holes. A good practice is to use clay or ceramic pots to promote evaporation of excess moisture.
How to revive a damaged succulent step by step
- Remove the plant from the pot if there are clear signs of rot or disease.
- Check the condition of the rootsRemove rotten, soft, or black roots with a disinfected tool.
- Let the plant dry for a few hours or days after cutting it, so that the cut surfaces close and you avoid infections.
- Place in new dry and draining substrateDon't water immediately; let the plant adjust for several days before watering again.
- Observe the regrowthIf the basal portion isn't recoverable, try propagating healthy leaves or divisions. You can apply natural rooting hormone before planting the fragments to encourage regrowth.
Advanced Tips and Expert Secrets for Succulent Care
- Monitors temperature and humidity Using thermometers and hygrometers near your pots will help you know when to ventilate or shelter your plants.
- Adjust care according to the seasonSpring and summer: extra water and fertilizer; autumn and winter: less water and protection from drafts and frost.
- Rotate your succulents every few weeks to ensure they receive light from all sides and prevent crooked growth.
- Controls the internal environment: Avoid radiators, air conditioners and drafts that can cause water stress.
Frequently asked questions about succulent care and problems
- How can I tell if my succulent needs a transplant?
- If you notice roots growing out from under the pot, slow growth, or compacted substrate, it's time to repot with new, well-draining soil.
- How can I differentiate between too much and too little water?
- Observe the feel and color of the leaves: soft and translucent leaves usually indicate excess; wrinkled and dry leaves indicate a lack of water. Also compare the weight of the pot: if it's light, it probably needs water.
- Can every succulent be saved by cuttings?
- Most do, but make sure you choose healthy leaves or stems, let the cut dry for a few days, and plant in dry, ventilated soil.
Succulents can live a long and healthy life if all the above details are observed and taken care of in time. The secret is in regularly observe your plant, adjust care according to the signs that gives you and never losing patience. Even in the face of adversity, many succulents can propagate and sprout from small fragments. Your perseverance and attention will be the key to success in growing these wonders of nature.