The tropical plants They stand out for their exotic beauty, large leaves and intense colors, but they are also known for their sensitivity to low temperatures. The cold, especially during winter, can represent a serious risk for these plants, since they are not adapted to withstand frost or sudden changes in temperature. Protecting them is essential to ensure their survival. supervivencia and maintain its vitality.
Why does the cold affect tropical plants so much?
The tropical plants They come from warm and humid environments, where temperatures tend to be stable throughout the year. thermal drop can cause its roots to stop absorbing the necessary water, causing dehydration and internal damage due to the formation of ice crystals in plant tissues. Furthermore, wind and lack of natural light during the winter increase stress on these species.
Key strategies to protect tropical plants from the cold
In order for your tropical plants to withstand the cold and winter season, it is essential to adopt several strategies that reduce the impact of low temperatures and maintain stable environmental humidity.
- Reduce watering frequency: Cold weather significantly reduces plants' water consumption. Overwatering can cause the substrate to freeze and root rot. It's best to water only when the substrate is hydrated. dry to the touch and always in the morning.
- Cover plants properly: The use of materials such as bubble wrap, thermal blankets, or hibernation veils is very effective. These materials should be transparent to allow light to pass through. Be sure to remove the cover during the day and avoid direct contact with the leaves and stems to prevent damage from lack of ventilation.
- Group the plants: Place your tropical plants close together, preferably next to a south- or east-facing wall. This helps create a microclimate warmer and makes it easier to protect with covers.
- Isolate the substrate: Protecting the soil with mulch—such as dry leaves, straw, or pine bark—insulates the roots and retains heat. There are also mulches artificial plants specially designed for gardens and pots.
Special care for potted and patio plants
Potted tropical plants are even more vulnerable than those grown in the garden, as the soil cools and freezes more easily. Consider the following care:
- Move the pots indoors If possible, or place them in sheltered areas such as garages, galleries, covered terraces or behind south-facing glass.
- Avoid sudden changes in temperature. Do not place plants near heat sources or in direct cold air currents.
- Increases ambient humidity using humidifiers, trays of water, or grouping plants.
- Use raised planters to prevent direct contact with the cold ground.
Additional protection depending on the type of tropical plant
Each tropical species has different requirements. For example:
- Banana growers: After the first frost, cut the "trunk" and cover it with insulating materials such as dead leaves or straw, as well as a wintering veil secured with stones. This creates a forced rest and prevents severe damage.
- Palm trees and olive trees: Apply straw to the base and work your way up the trunk. For the above-ground parts, use wintering veils over arches to retain warm air.
- Topiaries and stem roses: Cover them with a double layer of winter fleece, tying the material firmly to the trunks to prevent the wind from blowing away the protection.
Care during the coldest days and after frost
During peaks of intense cold, it is advisable to:
- Do not pay nor stimulate growth, since the new shoots would be very sensitive to the cold.
- Ventilate the roofs during the warmer hours to prevent the appearance of fungi and condensation of moisture.
- Check the status of the plants every few days, removing damaged leaves and branches to prevent infections and the presence of pests.
Tips for indoor tropical plants
The indoor tropical plants They can also suffer from the cold, especially due to temperature changes and low humidity:
- Place them near well-lit windows, but without direct contact with the glass if the temperature drops too low.
- Use full-spectrum LED grow lights if your home has little natural light.
- Wipe the leaves regularly with a damp cloth to maximize light absorption.
- Keep the relative humidity high, especially if you have heating, by humidifiers or trays with water.
Frequently asked questions about caring for tropical plants in winter
What to do if tropical plants are damaged by the cold?
You remove damaged parts and increase thermal protection by using mulch and covers. If the damage is severe, move the plant indoors whenever possible.
Is it advisable to fertilize in winter?
During the winter, tropical plants are dormant and do not require any fertilizers. Fertilizing can result in tender shoots that are very sensitive to low temperatures.
How do you know if a plant needs more light?
Observe if the leaves turn pale or they fall over; this is a sign of a lack of light. You can increase exposure by moving the plant to brighter areas or using artificial light.
What mistakes to avoid during winter?
- Overwatering: It is the most common mistake and can be fatal in winter.
- Excess fertilizers: They cause stress and tissue damage.
- Excessive heat or dry environment: Reduces vitality and resistance to pests.
- Failure to identify the needs of each species: Remember that every tropical plant is different.
With specific care and preventive maintenance, your tropical plants will be able to survive the cold season without suffering severe damage, even in adverse conditions. Taking the time to protect them and monitor their condition will ensure their long-lasting health and beauty, allowing you to enjoy a green and exotic corner of your home or garden year-round.
