Plants, throughout their evolution, have developed surprising adaptations to their environments. A clear example of this is the mikado plant (Syngonanthus chrysanthus 'Mikado'), a delicate and striking herbaceous species native to Brazil, which draws attention both for its shape and its maintenance requirements.
This plant is highly valued as an indoor ornamental species due to its elegant appearance, unusual appearance, and the simple beauty of its leaves and flowers. Below, you'll learn more about it. all the keys to the mikado plant: its origin, botanical characteristics, essential care, practical tips to avoid common mistakes, and much more.
Origin, botany and distinctive characteristics of the mikado plant
The mikado plant stands out in the gardening world especially for its exotic appearance. Its scientific name is Syngonanthus chrysanthus 'Mikado', and belongs to the Eriocaulaceae family. This genus contains more than 200 species—mostly aquatic—distributed throughout the tropical regions of South America.
Native to the Brazilian rainforest, mikado is often found near wetlands exposed to direct sunlight. A humid environment and mild temperatures are essential for its development, although its cultivation has spread throughout the world as an indoor ornamental plant.
The plant displays a rosette of deep green, velvety-feeling basal leaves, about 10 cm long. Its main attraction lies in the appearance of long flower stems, usually in spring, which can reach up to 40 cm in height, doubling the plant's normal height. These stems culminate in small, compact, button-shaped brown inflorescences covered in a fine golden fuzz that enhances their visual appeal and gives them their characteristic "mysterious" appearance.
El common name "mikado" It is a direct allusion to the famous Japanese game of sticks, since the long, erect flower stems are very reminiscent of these aligned sticks.
- Usual height without flowering: 15 to 20 cm.
- Maximum flowering height: up to 40 cm.
- Leaves: green, velvety, forming a compact basal rosette.
- Flowers: very small, brown, grouped in round inflorescences.
- Flowering cycle: once a year, usually in spring.
- Original habitat: humid areas of Brazilian tropical rainforests.
It should be noted that there is some confusion with the term "mikado" in the gardening world, since the term "mikado" is also marketed Sansevieria cylindrica 'Mikado', a completely different plant. This article is dedicated exclusively to the Syngonanthus chrysanthus 'Mikado', aquatic and of South American origin.
Essential care for the mikado plant: a complete guide
El mikado It's a plant that's as striking as it is demanding: to thrive, it requires very specific environmental and growing conditions that, if not respected, can quickly lead to its deterioration. We'll explain how you can keep it looking healthy for a long time.
Ideal location for the mikado
Choosing the location is possibly the most important factor for success with this tropical plant. The reed diffuser should be placed in a bright room, but avoid direct sunlight, which can burn the leaves. Ideally, it should be placed near a window with a translucent curtain or in an area that receives plenty of light without direct sunlight.
- Avoid exposing it to drafts or near air conditioners, radiators or fans., as they dry out and damage the leaves.
- In warm climates, during the milder months, it can be taken outside in semi-shaded areas, as long as temperatures are above 18°C.
- Prevents direct contact with rain or wind.
Some recommended locations are interior windowsills, high shelves or tables near windows, where light is abundant but direct sunlight does not pose a risk.
Type of soil and substrate for the mikado plant
El The ideal substrate for mikado is rich in organic matter, light and has an acidic pH (between 4 and 5).This type of soil promotes root growth, prevents waterlogging, and reproduces the conditions of its natural habitat.
- I bet you high-quality universal substrates mixed with a small percentage of blond peat, perlite or coconut fiber to ensure aeration and good moisture retention.
- Avoid compact, heavy soils or those that retain too much water (clay), as they will increase the risk of root rot.
A useful trick is to place a layer of fine gravel or clay balls at the base of the pot to improve drainage.
Irrigation and humidity: the double challenge of mikado
El Syngonanthus chrysanthus 'Mikado' It's a semi-aquatic plant and, as such, requires frequent but controlled watering. The main mistake is overwatering and leaving the substrate waterlogged.
- In spring and summer, it is usual to water every 2 or 3 days, allowing the surface layer to dry slightly between waterings.
- In autumn and winter, weekly watering will suffice, always adjusting according to local temperature and humidity.
- Avoid hard tap water; use rainwater, distilled water, or filtered water whenever possible.
Environmental humidity is essentialMikado requires high relative humidity (over 60-70%). In dry environments, it may dry out quickly or develop brown leaves. To ensure this:
- Mist (spray) the leaves with distilled water daily during the hottest months, avoiding over-wetting the flowers.
- Place containers of water around the plant or on a plate of damp pebbles.
- Use a humidifier in very dry rooms.
- Avoid placing it near sources of artificial heat or cold.
Extra tip: If you have any doubts about the humidity level, you can purchase a simple hygrometer or check the ambient humidity on weather websites to ensure your reed diffuser is in optimal condition.
When and how to fertilize the mikado
To obtain the maximum aesthetic potential, it is advisable to use light organic fertilizers during the vegetative development stage —coinciding with the months of temperatures above 18ºC—.
- Choose organic liquid fertilizers such as bat guano, seaweed extracts or worm humus, diluted in irrigation water.
- The ideal frequency is every 20 to 30 days, always avoiding overdosing to prevent salt accumulation.
- If the plant is in a small pot, choose liquid fertilizers and always follow the manufacturer's instructions.
Transplanting and pot size
Mikado grows moderately. After purchasing the plant, it usually needs to be repotted in a suitable pot—a few centimeters larger in diameter—as it's usually sold in small containers.
- Transplant in spring or summer.
- Always use a pot with drainage holes.
- If the plant grows vigorously or you notice roots poking out from underneath, repeat the process every 1-2 years.
Temperature and rusticity
Mikado does not tolerate temperatures below 10ºCIts optimal development temperature ranges between 19ºC and 22ºC, tolerating moderately higher maximum temperatures if humidity is high.
- In temperate or cold climates, always grow it indoors during the cold months.
- If the temperature drops below 12ºC, the plant stops growing and may deteriorate.
Common problems, errors, and how to solve them with the Mikado
Despite its exotic appearance, the mikado is relatively easy to care for if its needs are respected. However, There are some common problems that can put the plant's health at risk:
- Brown or dry leaves: Usually due to dry air, drafts, or lack of watering. Improve humidity and slightly increase watering, without flooding.
- Yellow or wilted leaves: This could be a symptom of overwatering and poor aeration in the substrate. Let the top layer dry slightly before watering again and check that the pot drains properly.
- Base rot: Symptom of persistent waterlogging. Reduce watering, change the substrate if necessary, and remove damaged areas.
- Growth arrested: It may be due to a lack of light or low temperatures. Ensure a brighter location and temperatures above 18°C.
A key recommendation is Do not spray excessively if the ambient humidity is already high.Excess can cause the appearance of fungi.
Reproduction and propagation of mikado
The most common method of propagation of the mikado plant is by seed, which is found in the "balls" of the dried inflorescences. To obtain new plants:
- Remove the seeds once the flowers have matured and the buds have dried.
- Sow in a light, acidic substrate, maintaining constant humidity and avoiding waterlogging.
- Place the trays in a warm (20-24ºC) and bright place.
- Germination usually occurs within a few weeks.
Mikado is not an invasive or fast-growing plant, so its propagation is slow and controlled.
Ornamental value and uses of mikado in decoration
In addition to its value as an exotic plant for collectors, mikado is ideal in minimalist decorations, modern spaces and humid environments, such as well-lit bathrooms or kitchens. Its elegant appearance combines perfectly with other tropical indoor plants.
- In designer pots, it provides an architectural and refined touch.
- Its flower stems are reminiscent of Japanese games, lending personality and originality to the room.
- It is an excellent option for those looking for small and different plants.
Frequently asked questions about mikado care
- Is the mikado plant toxic? There are no reports of significant toxicity for Syngonanthus chrysanthus. However, it is always advisable to keep the plants out of the reach of children and pets.
- Can the mikado plant be grown outdoors? Only in regions with mild winters and high humidity. If the temperature drops below 12°C, it's necessary to move it indoors.
- What to do if the mikado does not bloom every year? This problem is generally associated with a lack of light, excess or lack of water, or nutritional deficiency. Check the parameters and adjust the care.
- Can you have more than one plant in the same pot? Yes, as long as the container is spacious and the space between plants is respected to avoid root competition.
El Syngonanthus chrysanthus 'Mikado' It's the ideal choice for those looking for a unique, exotic-looking, compact plant that adds elegance and originality to their interior design. It does require some attention, especially with regard to humidity and watering, but by following these tips and recommendations, you'll be able to enjoy a spectacular specimen for many years to come, admiring its unusual and delicate blooms every spring.
