Located in the Fulufjället National Park, in the province of Dalarna, Sweden, the Old tjikko is a Norway spruce who has amazed the world with his impressive age: 9.558 yearsThis tree is not only recognized as the oldest in the world, but it's also a fascinating example of how nature can adapt and survive in extreme conditions. You can learn more about other ancient trees in this article. article on ancient trees.
The Story of Old Tjikko
discovered in 2004 by the teacher Leif Kullman from Umeå University, this specimen was named after his dog Tjikko, who accompanied him on his expeditions. Kullman came across the tree while researching the effects of climate change on Nordic vegetation. This discovery has fueled curiosity about curiosities about trees and its longevity.
The Dating Process
The age of Old Tjikko was determined through a process of radiocarbon dating carried out in its root system, not through dendrochronology (count the trunk rings). This dating technique revealed that the roots are between 9.550 and 9.560 years of age. In contrast, the visible trunk of the tree is estimated to be only about 600 years.
Plant Cloning and Survival
Old Tjikko is a clonal tree, which means it can regenerate itself. As the trunk dies, the root system stays alive and produces new shoots. This regeneration process allows the tree's genetic material to remain intact, causing it to sprout new stems identical to the previous ones. This tree's ability to survive over time is a clear example of this.
Throughout its history, climatic conditions have been crucial to its survival. For thousands of years, the tree remained in the form of a shrub due to the low temperatures and the intense cold that characterized the region. Only recently, as a result of the global warming, Old Tjikko has been able to develop further, reaching a height of 5 meters.
Unique Features of Old Tjikko
In addition to its remarkable age, Old Tjikko has interesting features:
- The tree has survived multiple episodes of death and regeneration. Its trunk, although young, is estimated to live no more than 600 years.
- The dating of its roots has shown a range of antiquity that covers from 375 up to 9.550 years.
- Scientists have recorded approximately 20 spruce specimens in the same area, with ages exceeding 8.000 years.
- During the last Ice Age, the region experienced a drop in sea level of approximately 120 meters, creating an environment that favored its growth in the form of bonsai.
The Role of Climate Change
Research suggests that Old Tjikko has been able to change its shape and growth due to global warming. Professor Kullman stated that “warming has allowed the tree to develop more normally.” This contrasts with its original appearance, which more closely resembled a bonsai than a tree of its size. The increase in the temperatures has been a key factor in Old Tjikko being able to grow and expand after years of being a small bush.
It is important to mention that the tree is in a location that has severe weather conditions, which has limited its size and development throughout history. low temperatures and strong winds have helped Old Tjikko maintain its bush form for much of its life.
A Tree in Danger
Despite its robustness, Old Tjikko faces threats. conservation authorities They have considered placing a fence around the tree to protect it from possible acts of vandalism or from collectors who wish to take a piece as a souvenir. Additionally, it has been reported that there is a small trail leading to the tree, which is intentionally unmarked to prevent large groups of tourists from circling it and disturbing its ecosystem.
Visits and Access to Old Tjikko
For those interested in visiting Old Tjikko, a free guided tour can be arranged from the park entrance (Naturum), which takes tourists to the tree. However, it's advisable to note that access to the tree is not marked, which helps maintain the tranquility of the surroundings and the preservation of the tree. The fascinating history of this tree is part of the natural curiosity surrounding ancient trees, a topic that can be explored further at .
Old Tjikko is a symbol of resilience y adaptability in nature. Its existence reminds us of the importance of conservation and the impact of climate change on the planet. Upon discovering it, Leif Kullman not only found an ancient tree, but also a living legacy that continues to tell the story of our planet.
