Pelargonium citrodorum: the most effective and ornamental natural mosquito repellent
Pelargonium citrodorum, Popularly known as anti-mosquito geranium, lemon geranium or citronella geranium, has established itself as one of the most valued plants both for its repellent functionality and for its ornamental beauty. Its characteristic citrus aroma and its ease of cultivation make it the preferred choice for gardens, balconies, terraces and interior spaces that seek to reduce the presence of mosquitoes in a natural and healthy way, without resorting to chemicals.
El Pelargonium citrodorum belongs to the family geraniaceae and is originally from South Africa, although it is currently cultivated in temperate climates around the world. Its use is especially in demand during warmer seasons, when the proliferation of mosquitoes can disrupt the tranquility of our homes and outdoor activities.
Botanical description and characteristics
- Scientific name: Pelargonium citrodorum
- Common names: Lemon geranium, mosquito repellent geranium, citronella geranium, mosquito geranium
- Family: geraniaceae
- Origin: Southern Africa (mainly South Africa)
- Plant type: Perennial herbaceous plant with a shrubby appearance, between 30 and 80 cm in height and similar width
- Sheets: Green, thick, with a rough texture, triangular shape, and jagged, irregular edges. They give off an intense lemon aroma when touched.
- Flowers: Small, with five petals, gathered in umbels, with shades that vary from light pink to purple and a more intensely colored center.
- Ports: Dense, compact-looking clumps that can be grown in pots or directly in garden soil.
This geranium is not grown only for its aesthetic value, but its greatest attraction lies in its function as natural repellent due to essential oils containing citral, citronellol and geraniol, substances that are very annoying to flying insects, especially mosquitoes.
How does the repellent effect of Pelargonium citrodorum work?
The secret of its natural insecticidal effect lies in the high concentration of aromatic essential oils on the leaves and stems. When you brush against or cut its leaves, an intense citrus aroma is released into the air. Although pleasant to humans, it repels mosquitoes. Even without touching them, the volatile compounds are strong enough to repel these insects from the area where they live.
Furthermore, The fragrance is especially intense at dusk and during the night, coinciding with the time when mosquitoes are most active. This makes lemon geranium the ideal natural barrier for protecting windows, balconies, terraces, and outdoor living areas.
- It is not toxic to people or pets., making it safe for the whole family.
- Its repellent power is greater if several plants are placed in the same space.
- It can be combined with other repellent plants, such as citronella (cymbopogon), to enhance the effect.
Main benefits of Pelargonium citrodorum
- Natural reduction in the presence of mosquitoes and other flying insects, promoting a night's rest without shocks or bites.
- Prevention of mosquito-borne diseases, such as dengue, malaria or Zika, acting as a complementary measure to personal protection.
- Safety and environmental health: avoid the use of chemical insecticides that can be dangerous to health and the environment.
- Ornamental contribution: beautifies gardens, terraces, patios and balconies with its showy flowering and aromatic foliage.
- Easy to grow and maintain, even for people with no gardening experience.
- Location Versatility: It can be planted in soil, pots, planters or hanging baskets, adapting to any type of space.
Essential care of mosquito repellent geraniums
Light and location
- Requires abundant direct sunlight to bloom and enhance its aroma, although it also tolerates semi-shade as long as it receives several hours of intense light a day.
- Indoors, place it next to a bright window and ensure good ventilation.
- Too much shade can reduce flowering and decrease the intensity of the aroma.
- Plants placed near doors, windows or passageways will have greater repellent efficiency.
Temperature and resistance
- Heat tolerance: It withstands high summer temperatures well.
- Sensitivity to cold: It does not tolerate frost. It is advisable to protect the plant during the cold months by moving it indoors or covering it.
- The ideal temperature is warm, but not extreme. In cold climates, it's a good idea to protect the base of the plant and avoid excess moisture.
Irrigation
- Moderate: Allow the top layer of soil to dry before watering again.
- Avoid puddles, as it can cause root rot and the appearance of fungi.
- In summer, water every 2-3 days if the plant is exposed to sunlight and every 4-5 days in protected locations. In winter, watering once a week is sufficient, or even less depending on the humidity.
Substrate and subscriber
- Use universal substrate with good drainage or a specific mix for geraniums.
- Enrich with mulch or compost during planting.
- Fertilize every 4 to 6 weeks In spring and summer, fertilize plants to stimulate flowering. Choose balanced fertilizers or fertilizers specifically designed for aromatic or medicinal plants.
- Avoid over-fertilization, which can cause yellowing and leaf drop.
Pruning and maintenance
- Eliminates withered flowers and dry leaves to stimulate the appearance of new flowers and maintain the compact shape.
- Prune more intensively in late summer or early spring if the plant becomes woody.
- You can use the pruning remains to reproduce the plant by cuttings.
Plagues and diseases
- It is usually pest resistant, but can be affected by aphids, caterpillars, whiteflies or vine weevils.
- The biggest risk is the excess moisture, which promotes the appearance of fungi and root rot.
- Watch for possible yellowing of the leaves, which can be due to excess water, a lack of nutrients, or pests (for example, the geranium moth).
Propagation of citronella geranium: methods and tips
There are two main ways to multiply this plant:
- By seeds: a less common, slower method that requires waiting for flowering and the formation of mature seeds.
- By cuttings (the most effective and simple):
- Cut a healthy stem, preferably one removed during pruning. It should be about 8 cm long and have several leaves.
- Remove lower leaves so the stem can focus its energy on root development.
- Place the cutting in water, in a well-lit location, changing the water every day until it develops roots.
- Once rooted, transplant it to a pot with suitable substrate and keep it moist for the first few days.
This procedure allows you to obtain new plants from a single one, extending mosquito protection to different parts of your home or garden.
How to use Pelargonium citrodorum to effectively repel mosquitoes
- Growing in pots: Place several specimens on windowsills, balconies, terraces, or in living areas.
- In the garden: Plant in borders, flowerbeds, or along paths and main entrances to create an effective aromatic barrier.
- In patios or outdoor rooms: Group several plants near tables, chairs, or other frequented areas.
- In personal protection: Gently rub a leaf (without breaking it abruptly) on your skin to enhance natural protection, always checking first for sensitivity or an allergic reaction.
- Complement to other natural repellents: Combine lemon geranium with citronella (Cymbopogon citratus), lavender or basil to create an environment that is even less attractive to insects.
Additional properties and alternative uses of lemon geranium
- Using essential oils: The leaves and stems of Pelargonium citrodorum are a source of essential oils used in aromatherapy and cosmetics (although less popular than those of Pelargonium graveolens). They soften the environment and provide a fresh and revitalizing aroma.
- Ornamental use: Discreet yet highly decorative blooms, ideal for both classic gardens and modern balconies and urban terraces.
- Ecological relevance: By not eliminating mosquitoes but merely keeping them away, it helps maintain ecological balance and the food chain without eliminating species that are beneficial to other animals.
- Non-toxic to pets: Although large amounts of leaves should be avoided, small amounts do not pose a significant risk to dogs or cats.
Frequently asked questions about Pelargonium citrodorum as a natural mosquito repellent
- Is citronella geranium the same as citronella?
No. Although they share aroma and repellent properties, true citronella belongs to the genus cymbopogon and is a grass. Pelargonium citrodorum is a geranium of the family geraniaceae. - Is it effective against other insects?
Mainly against mosquitoes, but it can also repel flies, wasps and other smaller flying insects. - Does it require a lot of care?
It's one of the easiest repellent plants to maintain, ideal for beginners. It only requires light, moderate watering, and avoiding excess moisture. - Can it coexist with other plants?
Yes, it is even advisable to plant it alongside other aromatic plants, as it will enhance its effect and enhance the overall look.
El Pelargonium citrodorum It's much more than a natural mosquito repellent: its fragrance, durability, low maintenance, and decorative value make it the best option for those looking to enjoy the outdoors and indoor spaces without discomfort. Incorporating this plant into the home brings health, well-being, beauty, and sustainability to any space, multiplying its benefits the more plants are present.