El poto, also known as potus o pothos and whose scientific name is aureum, has established itself as one of the most popular and hardy indoor plants. Originally from the Southeast Asia —mainly found in Malaysia, Indonesia and New Guinea—, this vine belongs to the family Araceae and has become a favorite for those seeking natural beauty with minimal care at home. In addition, the poto stands out for its purifying capacity of the air and for being an excellent decorative option.
General characteristics of the poto
The butt is a climbing perennial plant which is recognized by its heart shaped leaves. Under optimal growing conditions, it can reach a length up to 20 meters outside and between two and three meters inside. The leaves are mostly green, although they have shades that range from cream tones to light yellow, depending on the variety. aureum produces stems up to 4 diameter cm And although its flowers are rare and discreet, its appeal lies entirely in its foliage.
This plant is ideal for novices and amateurs to gardening, since tolerates adverse conditions and grows rapidly in humid, bright environments. In addition to purifying the air, pothos is effective at filtering harmful substances like formaldehyde, which is why it is recommended by both experts and research organizations.
First, discover how to adapt pothos care to different environments.
- Golden Pothos (Potus dorado): This is the best-known variety, with glossy green leaves and golden markings. Its hardiness and easy propagation make it ideal for indoors.
- Marble Queen: It stands out for its cream-colored leaves and green veins that give it a characteristic and elegant marbled appearance.
- Neon/Lemon: It is distinguished by the intense electric yellow color of its leaves, completely uniform and without spots.
- Manjula: Its leaves feature curved edges and a striking combination of green and cream tones, adding visual diversity to the collection.
- Silver or silver Potus: With green leaves and silver highlights that appear to have a chrome finish, it is a very decorative variety.
There are at least 15 recognized varieties, each suitable for different environments, although they share the same basic care requirements.
Meaning and symbolism of the poto in the home
In addition to its decorative function, the pothos has a high symbolic value. In some cultures and according to trends such as the Feng Shui, is considered to help transform the negative energy and promotes revitalizing spaces in the home. Its resilience and vigorous growth convey strength, prosperity and longevity, being a frequent gift to inaugurate homes or businesses.
The butt also has a emotional meaning For many, it evokes the warmth of family homes, especially because it was common to see it in grandmothers' houses. In some regions, it even has endearing names like "iaia" in Catalan.
Light, temperature and optimal location
The poto thrives in places with abundant but indirect light. A space where it receives filtered light is preferable, since the Direct sunlight can burn its leaves.Although it can survive in low-light conditions, its growth slows and the light shades of the leaves may be lost.
The range of ideal temperature it is between 16 and 25 degrees, avoiding exposure to temperatures below 3 degrees. It prefers indoor environments, away from drafts and sudden temperature changes, although it tolerates a variety of climates. humidity Elevated area favors its development, making it very appropriate to place it in bathrooms with windows or near bright kitchens and living rooms.
Irrigation, substrate and fertilization
- Irrigation: The poto prefers spaced wateringIt's recommended to water when the top layer of soil is dry, which is usually weekly in temperate climates and every two to four days in warm climates. In winter, it may require less water (every 10 days, depending on the dryness of the environment). Avoid leaving standing water in the saucer to prevent root rot.
- Substratum: The best thing is to use a universal or specific substrate for green plants, loose and well-drained. Choose pots with drainage holes. Change the soil every two or three years to ensure good nutrition.
- Fertilization: Although it is not particularly demanding, it appreciates universal liquid fertilizer every 15 days from the spring to the end of summer. An occasional supplement of earthworm humus o compost can improve your health and development.
Special care and maintenance
Cleaning leaves: Dust can accumulate on its surface, so it is recommended clean the leaves with a damp cloth regularly. This stimulates photosynthesis and keeps the plant shiny. Spray occasionally with water to increase humidity, especially in dry environments.
Pruning: The poto can be pruned all year round, although it's best to do so when its growth slows. This encourages branching and the development of new shoots. Always use disinfected tools to avoid infections.
Transplant: Perform the transplant once a year, preferably in spring. Repot if you notice roots poking through or the plant shows signs of decline after overwatering. Firm the soil lightly to allow room for root growth.
Propagation and multiplication
There are several practical ways to reproduce the butt:
- For cuttings in water: Cut a stem segment with at least two leaves and nodes and place it in water for a few weeks, changing the water frequently. When the roots reach at least 3 cm, transplant it into a potting mix.
- By direct cuttings in the ground: Insert the cutting directly into moist substrate and keep it in a warm, bright environment.
- By sinking: Bend branches with aerial roots and bury them partially or completely in substrate. When roots develop, separate the new plant from the parent plant.
Common problems: yellow, brown, and falling leaves
- Yellow sheets: They indicate excess water, nutrient deficiency, or pests. Trim affected leaves, check the soil moisture, and adjust watering frequency.
- Brown leaves: This is usually due to a lack of water or nutrients. If the substrate is very dry, briefly submerge the pot in water and check the watering frequency. Fertilize, but don't overdo it.
- Falling leaves: It may be related to poor location (poor light, nearby heating) or overwatering.
- Reduce variegation: If the leaves remain green, move the plant to a brighter environment.
Plagues and diseases
Although it is pest resistant, may be affected by cottony mealybug, red mites, aphids y spider mitesIf signs of pests appear (white spots, stickiness or filament weaving), clean the leaves with a damp cloth and apply potassium soap o neem oilIn severe infestations, consider repotting and using specific plant protection products.
Toxicity and precautions
Pothos contains calcium oxalate, so it is toxic if ingested by pets or small childrenThese crystals can cause oral irritation, vomiting, and indigestion if ingested or come into contact with plant liquids. It's recommended to keep the pot out of reach, especially if there are curious people in the home.
Applications and decorative use
The butt is a versatile plant adaptable both as a pendant for shelves, tall furniture and wardrobes, and as a climber with the help of a coconut fiber tutor. In the ground, it can grow vertically if trained, and in small spaces it provides an elegant and natural touch of green. It's very common in offices, living rooms, and bathrooms, especially where humidity favors its growth.
Frequently asked questions about caring for pothos at home
- How long can a butt live? With basic care, it can live for more than ten years indoors.
- What is the best time to water? In the morning, before the temperature rises.
- Can the pothos survive only in water? Yes, as long as the water is changed regularly and a minimal amount of liquid fertilizer is added from time to time.
- Why doesn't the pothos bloom? Commercial varieties are propagated by cuttings and rarely flower outside their natural habitat.
- What to do if my butt seems weak? Change its location, check watering, and provide nutrients. If it's near a heater or in a draft, relocate it.
El poto is one of most grateful indoor plants, perfect for people with little experience or little time to care for their vegetation. Its resistance, attractiveness, and ease of reproduction make it an essential ally to contribute freshness and life to any space in the house, also helping to keep the air purer and healthier every day.