How to care for Prunus insititia
Prunus insititia, commonly known as wild plum or damson plum, is a species of the genus Prunus Highly prized both for its ornamental beauty and for the use of its fruits. This fruit tree can be found in different regions and adapts to diverse climates, making it an excellent choice for gardens and orchards. Below, we'll explain how to properly care for this wonderful plant to ensure its growth and fruitfulness.
Identification of Prunus insititia
This tree can reach a height of up to 6 meters, with a sturdy and flexible trunk. The branches are generally straight, with light gray bark. The leaves are deciduous and have finely serrated edges, being elliptical or oval. During spring, Prunus insititia produces white flowers that emerge singly on the branches, turning into small green or violet drupes as they develop, which are known as plums. If you are interested, you can learn more about the plum tree in general.
Habitat and growing conditions
The wild plum tree thrives in a variety of conditions, however, it prefers cool, moist soils and areas with some shade. It is commonly found in forest clearings, shrub borders, and along waterways. Its optimal altitude for growth varies between 500 and 1500 meters above sea level. In addition, it's important that the soil has good drainage and contains limestone for optimal nutrient absorption. If you'd like to learn more, check out Regional guide to fruit trees in Spain.
essential care
To ensure that your Prunus insititia grows healthy and strong, it is essential to follow a series of basic care instructions:
- Irrigation: Maintain moderate watering, avoiding both excess and shortage. During the fruiting period, it is recommended to slightly increase the watering to promote plum development.
- Fertilization: Use organic fertilizers rich in nitrogen and potassium, especially in spring, to stimulate growth and flowering. For more details on flowering, you can read about the flowering of fruit trees.
- Pruning: Perform formative pruning to maintain a balanced structure and allow adequate light and air to penetrate between branches. Pruning should be done in late winter.
- Control of pests and diseases: Regularly inspect the tree for possible insect or disease infestations. Use appropriate organic or chemical treatments as needed.
Pollination and fruiting
Prunus insititia is a monoecious tree, meaning it has hermaphrodite flowers. Pollination is generally entomophilous, through the intervention of insects such as bees and butterflies. The flowers appear between April and May, and fruiting occurs between September and October. However, it is important to remember that the fruit tends to be bitter and acidic, which can limit its direct consumption by humans, although it is highly attractive to birds and other animals that aid in its dispersal. You will be interested to know that there are Interesting facts about the plum tree.
Interesting facts about Prunus insititia
There are many interesting facts about this plant:
- Its main use is as a rootstock for grafting other stone fruit trees, making it a valuable ally for fruit growers.
- The fruits can be used to make jams and liqueurs, despite their acidic and bitter taste when raw.
- The Roman name Prunus refers to the plum tree, while institution comes from a term meaning 'grafted', alluding to its use in grafting.
Similar species
It's important to note that Prunus insititia can be confused with other species of the Prunus genus, such as the almond or peach tree. However, it stands out for its tree-like shape and its smaller, more bitter fruit. To learn more about other varieties, visit Prunus cerasifera.
Location in the province of Malaga
In Spain, this species is found in the province of Málaga, mainly in the Serranía de Ronda and the Sierra de las Nieves, where it is associated with scrub or undergrowth. On the Gran Senda, it can be observed on stages 22 to 26, allowing hikers to enjoy its natural beauty.
Cultural references and uses
The expression "being a plum tree" is used in many cultures to describe someone who is incapable or unable to do things properly. This plant is also listed in the catalogs of threatened and protected flora in Andalusia, indicating the importance of its conservation and care. In culinary terms, the fruits of Prunus insititia are edible balls that can be used in macerated liqueurs, such as pacharán, very popular in some regions of Spain.
