The weeping willow (salix babylonica, Salix alba 'Tristis', Salix x sepulcralis 'Chrysocoma'), is one of the most iconic and appreciated ornamental trees in gardens around the world. Its distinctive silhouette long, arched branches that touch the ground, next to its ability to adapt to areas close to bodies of water and their fast growth, make it stand out not only for its beauty, but also for its importance in gardening and landscaping.
General characteristics and most common species
Within the weeping willows, there are different species and varieties with very similar characteristics. The authentic weeping willow, salix babylonica, is native to China and its cultivation has spread throughout what is described in How to care for the weeping willow. Other variants, such as Salix alba 'Tristis' y Salix x sepulcralis 'Chrysocoma', they also present the arched bearing and ornamental attraction typical of the genus. Adult specimens can reach up to 20 meters high and live between 80 and 200 years in the best conditions.
The branches, of a pale yellow, drooping almost to the ground, while the leaves are long, narrow, and have finely serrated edges, turning golden in autumn before falling off completely. In spring, the silvery and yellow catkins give the tree an even more attractive appearance.
Location and soil requirements
El weeping willow always prefers areas sunny, although it tolerates semi-shade, especially during the most intense hours in summer. When grown in pots (for example, as bonsai), they require protection against severe frost, preferably keeping them in a garage, cold greenhouse or shed during the winter.
As for the soil, it is essential that it be rich in organic matter, with good drainage but capable of retain moistureA suitable mix might contain topsoil, compost, and some sand or perlite to promote aeration. The ideal pH ranges from slightly acidic to neutral (6.0-7.5). For potted or bonsai-grown species, some limestone or pumice can be added to approximate slightly alkaline soils.
Irrigation and water needs
This is one of the species most demanding of water, since in its natural habitat it usually grows near rivers, lakes and ponds. On warm days, it requires several daily waterings to keep the substrate moist at all times. Placing the pot on a tray of water can help during heat waves. In winter, it's enough to keep the root ball slightly moist, but always avoiding until it dries completely.
Irrigation should be done generously and spaced out, allowing the water to reach the deepest rootsOnce the tree is established, watering can be spaced out to every 2-5 days in soils with good moisture retention.
Fertilization and fertilization
During the growing season, the weeping willow appreciates applications of solid organic fertilizers every six weeks, or low-nitrogen liquid fertilizers every two weeks. Using high-nitrogen fertilizers can encourage overgrown leaves and increase susceptibility to pests and diseases. For more details, see Other fertilization tips.
In the middle of the vegetative season, some gardeners recommend fertilizing with products from slow release or apply standard proportions (10-10-10) in volume appropriate to the thickness of the trunk, spreading the fertilizer around the area of falling drops (drip line) and watering generously afterwards.
Pruning and training
La pruning It is essential to control the vigorous growth of the weeping willow. The best time is in late winter or early spring, before new growth begins. In winter, trim unwanted shoots and shorten long branches leaving one or two buds, while during the summer you can repeat the light pruning of green shoots. For more details on this process, check out When and how to prune the weeping willow.
The goal is to maintain the drooping growth and remove inner, crossed, or damaged branches using clean, sharp shears and saws. New shoots should be wired from June onwards. cause the desired curvature, removing the wire before it marks the bark. For older branches, you can lower using tensioners.
Reproduction and propagation
El weeping willow it multiplies very easily by cuttings. Hard cuttings can be used in late winter or early spring, about 30 cm long, preferably taken from healthy branches. After removing the lower leaves and dipping the end in rooting hormone, they are planted in wet substrate with good drainage, staying in bright shadow until they take root. It is also possible to root directly in glasses of water or mud pits.
Seeds, although feasible, are much less common and require prior stratification.
Common pests and diseases
Among the latests Moravia's compositions pests, weeping willows can be attacked by willow borer, aphids, scales, caterpillars and gall mites. Among the enfermedades Rust and various types of cankers are particularly common, especially in humid climates or after improper pruning. For effective solutions, consult weeping willow problems.
To keep the tree healthy, it is advisable to carry out periodic checks and use specific phytosanitary treatments for severe infestations. important Also discard infected branches or leaves and keep the tree well aerated by pruning to hinder fungal development.
Curiosities and frequently asked questions
- Can it be planted in a large pot? It's possible to keep a weeping willow in a large pot, although its growth is limited and it will need to be repotted every 2-3 years. If you choose this option, keep the roots and branches sized by pruning regularly.
- Can it be planted near ponds, swimming pools or homes? This tree needs at least 10-15 meters away from any structure due to its aggressive root system, capable of lifting pavements and damaging pipes. Avoid planting it in small gardens or near sensitive infrastructure.
- Does it tolerate flooded land? The weeping willow thrives near watercourses, tolerating some waterlogging, although it is important to ensure that the water is not permanently stagnant, as excess water can promote root diseases if the substrate does not drain well.
- Can it be grown as bonsai? If he Weeping willow bonsai care It is highly prized although demanding, as it requires large containers, frequent watering and constant pinching. The roots grow vigorously, so the transplant and root pruning are common tasks.
- Is it easy to transfer a cutting from water to soil? When the roots are long enough and white, the cutting can be planted in moist soil rich in organic matter. protect the first few days from the intense sun.
Combination and landscape design
The weeping willow can be accompanied by plants with similar water needs, such as Siberian irises, ligularias, or astilbes, which enhance the tree's drooping shape and create aesthetic contrasts. Avoid species with competitive roots or those that require little water.
The weeping willow is an ideal choice for spacious gardens, natural environments or riverside landscapes. It will provide shade, freshness, shelter for wildlife and a incomparable elegance to any space, as long as their humidity and space requirements are respected and regular maintenance and pruning are carried out. To expand your knowledge on the care of these trees, visit . Choosing the right location and care will allow you to enjoy their beauty and longevity without inconveniences.
