El smelly jasmine It is one of the most prized climbing plants for its spectacular flowering and intoxicating fragrance. Native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and widespread throughout the world, jasmine is found in multiple forms: from evergreen shrubs to deciduous vines. versatility and variety The color of its flowers, predominantly white or yellow, has made this plant a favorite for decorating gardens, pergolas and balconies.
Main characteristics of fragrant jasmine
Jasmine can be evergreen or deciduous, climbing, shrubby, and rarely tree-like. Numerous species offer continuous blooms, standing out for its sweet perfume and its relevance in the perfume and aromatherapy industry. Throughout history, its flowers have been used to prepare aromatic teas, especially in Chinese culture.
Ideal location, light and temperature
A bright location is essential for fragrant jasmine.. It prefers to be exposed to the sun for 4 to 6 hours daily, avoiding direct sunlight during the central hours in especially hot climates. Less light-tolerant varieties may appreciate the semi-shadow, while the hardier varieties tolerate heat better. If growing indoors, placing the pot near a window will allow you to take full advantage of natural light.
Extreme temperatures can damage the plant, especially if the temperature is below zero. Protect potted plants by moving them indoors, or add additional protection if they're planted outdoors in areas prone to frost. Avoid exposing them to strong winds, as this can cause flowers and leaves to fall.
Soil and substrate
Jasmine adapts to fertile, well-drained soils rich in organic matter. It is essential to avoid clay soils, as they retain too much water and can cause root rotIf you grow in a pot, use a universal substrate mix with some gravel at the base to prevent waterlogging.
Additionally, some jasmines accept sandy substrates or even slightly calcareous. The optimal pH is slightly acidic to neutral. Good drainage promotes root aeration and healthy plant development.
Irrigation and humidity
Watering should be regular but moderate during spring and summer.Keep the substrate moist but never waterlogged. Jasmine roots are sensitive to excess moisture. In winter, reduce watering; let the top layer of the substrate dry between applications if the plant is dormant.
In pots, make sure water does not accumulate at the bottom. In dry climates or heated interiors, it may be helpful to increase the humidity spraying water around the foliage, avoiding direct wetting of the flowers.
Fertilization
Regular fertilization stimulates flowering and vegetative vigor of jasmine.. It is recommended to use a balanced fertilizer (15-15-15) every two or three weeks during spring and summer, reducing the frequency in winter. For potted specimens, opt for liquid fertilizers or slow release.
Pruning: when and how to do it
Pruning serves a dual purpose: controlling growth and promoting new blooms.Perform the most drastic pruning at the end of winter, removing old, damaged, or weak branches and making light cuts after flowering to shape and stimulate new shoots.
In climbing plants, pruning helps guide them onto supports and keep them tidy, avoiding tangled growth or excess vegetation that obstructs light.
Support, tutors and guidance
Sweet jasmine needs support to grow vertically.Use trellises, pergolas, walls, or lattices, and use soft cords or ties to support the main stems as they grow. This will not only beautify your space but will also allow the plant to display its flowers in a spectacular and orderly manner.
Control of common pests and diseases
Although the Jasmine is hardy, but can be threatened by pests such as aphids, mealybugs, whiteflies and red spiders.These pests often feed on the sap, weakening the plant, deforming leaves, or causing discoloration. Inspect leaves and stems regularly, manually remove insects if the infestation is mild, or use organic insecticides or potassium soaps in more serious cases. For spider mites, increase humidity or use specific acaricides.
As for diseases, powdery mildew and root rot are the most common. The former appears as a white powder on the leaves and is treated with fungicides and improved ventilation, while excess water and poor drainage can cause root rot. Iron chlorosis, which causes leaves to yellow and the veins to turn green, is usually due to iron deficiency; Fertilizers with iron chelates correct this problem.
Propagation of sweet jasmine
Propagation is mainly done by semi-woody cuttings in spring or summer.Take cuttings about 15 cm long, remove the lower leaves, and plant them in moist, light potting soil. Keep them moist and in a bright location away from direct sunlight. In a few weeks, the cuttings will develop roots, and you can transplant them to their final location.
- It is also possible to multiply by layering or suckers if the variety allows it.
Flowering and special care according to species
Sweet jasmine can bloom almost all year round in temperate climates, although the most common bloom is from spring to early autumn. The more hours of sunlight it receives, the more abundant the blooms will be. While most flowers are white or yellow, the intensity and duration vary between species.
Main varieties of jasmine and characteristics
- Jasminum officinale: White flowers, intense fragrance, vigorous climber to cover walls and trellises. You can also learn about royal jasmine care.
- jasminum sambac: Called Arabian jasmine or fragrant white jasmine. Perennial shrub with large, creamy, highly fragrant flowers.
- Trachelospermum jasminoides: Evergreen star jasmine, white star-shaped flowers.
- Jasminum mesnyi: It stands out for its yellow flowers and bushy growth.
- Jasminum nudiflorumKnown as winter jasmine, it blooms in cold months with less fragrant flowers.
- Stephanotis floribunda: Although not a true jasmine, it shares fragrance and beauty in bloom.
By adopting these recommendations on light, irrigation, soil, nutrition and pest control, your smelly jasmine will reward you with a vigorous growth and a spectacular flowering that will fill your home or garden with fragrance and color for many months a year.