How is a graft performed?
It is we take a bud or a sprout that comes from a plant and we introduce it in the other. The plant into which the sprout is introduced is called the master plant. Once soldiers, each one retains their genetic characteristicsThe graft will produce the aerial parts of the new plant, while the rootstock provides the root system. You can learn more about how bud grafting for better results.
The transplant is performed through an incision made in the pattern to receive the graft so that it can combine with the cells in contact with each other to form a healing callus. To combine the two, certain conditions must be met, some internal, depending on the nature of the plants to which they are joined (the combination between close relatives is better), and the other is external, depending on the environment in which they develop. Also, it is important to know the functions and benefits of grafts in the world of gardening.
For the two organs of the plant to be permanently integrated, there must be a harmony of form and function between the tissues in contact. If a conductive tissue is to be formed that allows the juice to circulate normally, the master and the graft must have blood vessels of similar diameters and have a similar composition. This requires that the added plants have a very close genetic relationship. Genetic compatibility is key in fruit grafts to ensure success.
Grafting between plants of the same species is safe, in fact, it is also safe in plants of the same species. Grafting between plants of the same genus, but in some cases different species can be achieved, but not in other cases. For example, grafting between citrus species (oranges, lemons, etc.) is easy to achieve, but grafting between Prunus is more difficult (pears, apple trees). If you'd like to learn more about different varieties, we recommend checking out this link.
Also, for bonding to occur, there must be close contact between the living tissues and the change from both sides must overlap. Sometimes due to different conditions, incompatibility can occur after the graft is welded, so the requirements for both should be similar. The ideal time to do this is when the sap begins to flow, generally in March and September-October.
Types of grafts
They are made on plants, threatened bullfighter, nectarine, apple tree, pear tree and on ornamental plants. It has a great advantage since high performance percentages are obtained. They are made from the spring autumn time when the bark of the pattern can be expected more easily. In addition, it is important that the tree is actively growing and has the sap flowing well.
Shield budding
They are made on plants, threatened bullfighter, nectarine, apple tree, pear tree and on ornamental plants. It has a great advantage since high performance percentages are obtained. They are made from the spring autumn time when the bark of the pattern can be expected more easily. Additionally, it's important that the tree is actively growing and has good sap flow. You can expand your knowledge about .
Patch graft
It is more difficult than the previous one, but it is used with success in species with a thick bark such as walnut. The best time to do it is in late summer or early fall. Although it can be done in spring, it is not the ideal time. The bark of the necessary pattern that can be easily peeled off and that the tree is in a state of vegetative growth with the sap flowing continuously. Thanks to this type of grafting, it can be successfully performed on rootstocks up to 10 centimeters in diameter.
Splinter
This is one of the types of uncertain that must be done in spring. Both the pattern, the graft are in continuous growth. It can also be done in summer, but the bud will not develop until the following spring. It's commonly used on fig trees and other ficus trees. It's also used on any tree or shrub with softwood. To learn more about it, check out this link.
Types of grafts: barbs
In these cases, it is preferable that the pattern and the barb have the same diameter. If the pick is more delicate than the pattern, it should be placed offset to one side. Cannot be placed in the center. It's usually done in mid- to late winter. To learn the best techniques, you can consult information on .
Stump in branches
It is a very useful method for grafting on branches that are too thick. For this guy the best Rootstocks are branches that are about 3-5 centimeters in diameterThe best time to prune is in late winter or early spring. The thorn should only be sharpened on one side to ensure maximum cambium contact. You can also learn more about alternate bearing in fruit trees.
Subcortical lateral graft
The time to do it is in late winter. At this time the bark of the pattern can be unfolded more easily. You just have to do a T-cut in the smoothest area of the pattern bark and peel off the bark. The pick is prepared by beveling it on one side only. The stake is then driven under the raised bark and gracefully tied. Finally, it is waxed with mastic to be able to graft.
Uncertain lateral wedge
It is used quite often on conifers. The most common time to do it is during winter. You have to wait until the patterns are at least 3 years old so that they are completely ready. The barb must be a bud with a terminal bud and have at least 3 lateral buds. If you want to know more about Trees and care according to the area.
Simple slit
It is one of the most recommended types of uncertainty when the pattern and the pick have the same diameter. The pattern is cut with pruning shears to the desired height and a cut is made along the center about 6 centimeters in length.
