A garden pond provides tranquility, biodiversity and a unique atmosphere thanks to the sound of water and the life it attracts. In addition to its aesthetic value, it improves the microclimate of the environment and becomes a focal point that balances the design of the outdoor space. For a lasting result, it is important to plan the design in detail. location’s most emblematic landmarks, the size’s most emblematic landmarks, the material and equipment that will keep the water clear and healthy.
Choosing the right site is key: look for a place with 4 to 6 hours of direct sun daily to promote the growth of aquatic plants and avoid prolonged overheating. It is preferable to stay away from Trees of feeble leaves that shed a lot of leaves, as they provide organic matter that decomposes and triggers algae. It is also a good idea to keep the pond away from high traffic areas and to plan convenient access for its maintenance.
Types of garden ponds
There are different solutions depending on the material and the desired style. Broadly speaking, you can choose between prefabricated ponds, ponds with waterproof sheet and ponds built of workEach option has different advantages, limitations, and installation requirements.
Prefabricated ponds
Prefabricated ponds are rigid or semi-rigid, manufactured in plastic o fiberglass. They stand out for their quick Install and simple, as it is enough to excavate the shape, level and place the piece. They are sold in multiple forms and colors (black, green, among others), which allows its aesthetics to be integrated into natural or modern environments. In small gardens, they are a practical solution; in large gardens it is advisable to consider larger sizes to avoid the "puddle" feeling and achieve a proportionate scale. To disguise its artificial appearance, surround the perimeter with rocks, gravel and plants of riverbank.
- Advantages: Very agile assembly, high durability, defined shapes that facilitate design.
- Disadvantages: less flexibility in shape and size; they may become too small on large surfaces.
Ponds with impermeable film (PE, PVC)
The impermeable sheet allows the creation of ponds of organic shapes and integrated into the landscape. Excellent results are achieved with polyethylene (PE) or PVC, from compact formats to wide, winding surfaces. They are ideal for natural styles for their soft curves and its ability to adapt to any design. Sheets are usually sold by square meter, with usual widths of 4 or 6 meters, and can be found in black, green or with finish that imitates pebbles to camouflage the background. For a practical and adaptable solution, consider the advantages of this option adapting to different styles and sizes.
- Advantages: total design freedom, easy installation and repair, scalable to large surfaces.
- Disadvantages: requires a well-leveled and protected base; requires geotextile to avoid punctures.
To increase the lifespan, always place a geotextile under the sheet and round off corners and edges with sand or thin layers of soil. The versatility of this solution makes it easy to include beaches shallow, steps y bays for plants and fish.
Construction ponds
Ponds built with mortar and block offer a finish geometric-formal (square, rectangular or circular) according to classical gardens or minimalist. They can be tiled with ceramic or stone and can be integrated benches, raised edges and water mirrors with great elegance. Its main challenge is the tightness: dilations and joints must be taken care of because they are frequent cracks if they are not executed correctly. They also involve other alternatives.
- Advantages: maximum stability in straight lines, formal aesthetics, impeccable architectural integration.
- Disadvantages: cost and complexity of construction, risk of cracks and leaks if not properly waterproofed.
Ideal location, size and depth
The location largely determines the health of the pond. Among 4 and 6 hours of sunshine They promote the flowering of aquatic plants without overheating the water. Avoid invasive roots and massive leaf drop. A larger and more fertile pond deep keeps the water more stable, it heats up more slowly, and offers fewer opportunities for algae. However, it is vital to combine deep zones shallow areas.
Design shelves and banks at 10–20 cm depth for marginal species and zones of oxygenation; many plants do not thrive at more than 20 cm. For Lily, reserve areas between 40 and 60 cm, and if there will be large fish, include some point of 80–100 cm as a thermal refuge. gentle slopes facilitate access to beneficial wildlife and improve safety.
In addition to light, value the direction of the wind (to push leaves towards a skimmer), the proximity to electrical outlets protected and the possibility of drain to facilitate partial water changes. A simple leaf net in the fall prevents organic matter from accumulating and feeding algae.
Essential equipment: pumps, filters and fountains
To keep the water clear and in good condition, it is advisable to install a bomb that guarantees circulation, a filter appropriate to the volume and biological load, and systems of oxygenationThe pump moves the flow through the mechanical-biological filter and allows the creation of waterfalls, streams or fountains which, in addition to decorating, provide oxygen. pressure filters with biological chambers and, if necessary, a UV lamp, help control turbidity and the proliferation of suspended algae. For ideas and recommendations on maintaining these systems, you can consult Ideas to save water and maintain your pond.
The pond fountains and solar garden fountains They are a perfect complement: they provide movement, soothing sound, and promote ventilation. If you opt for solar energy, size the panel to ensure a stable flow during peak hours. As for maintenance, clean pre-filters, check the driving and wash filter media with water from the pond itself to preserve bacterial flora.
- Pond pumps and filters: essential for clear, healthy water.
- Coatings: Custom-made pond liners for long-lasting watertightness.
- Solar sources: ecological, autonomous and decorative option.
- Nozzles and water games: variety of effects to liven up the sheet.
Aesthetics and decoration: stones, plants and lighting
The edge defines the identity of the pond. Combine stones y gravel for natural transitions, or clean finishes in formal ponds. The integration of aquatic plants (marginal, floating and deep) provide shade, filter nutrients and offer refuge to wildlife. Add underwater lighting to enjoy the pond at night and highlight waterfalls or jets with warm or cold light depending on the desired atmosphere.
The Decorative fountains (with sheet fall, bowl fall or with jets) and elements of Galvanised steel provide a contemporary touch. In rest areas, consider certified wood flooring and furniture, prioritizing materials of responsible forest management for sustainable decoration by the water.
Natural ponds and regeneration areas
A pond of style natural Imitates real ecosystems with irregular shapes, a mixture of Flora and fauna and smooth water circulation. It is common to integrate waterfalls and little rivulets which, in addition to providing movement, oxygenate and distribute nutrients. regeneration zones with gravel and filter plants, they act as wetlands that reduce the need for chemicals, helping to maintain a healthier balance in the pond ecosystem.
These designs encourage the biodiversity, attract pollinators and contribute to a more stable balance. To reduce mosquitoes, ensure good circulation, avoid stagnant water and encourage the presence of auxiliary fauna (such as dragonflies and fish compatible with the pond volume).
