The naturalized pools They represent the perfect fusion of sustainability, health, and landscape design. They are the preferred option for those who want to enjoy a swimming space in their garden, without resorting to chemicals and promoting local biodiversity. In this extensive article, you will discover exactly what a naturalized pool is, how its biological purification works, what distinguishes these facilities compared to traditional pools, what their benefits and disadvantages are, and how you can keep it pristine throughout the year. We will also explore the different construction systems, key water quality parameters, economic factors, and the most innovative current trends.
What is a naturalized pool?
An naturalized pool (also called biopool or ecological pool) It is a bathing facility where the water is kept clean and healthy by natural processes, without using chemicals such as chlorine or intensive artificial systems. Inspired by the ecosystems of lakes and ponds, these pools are based on the biological regeneration of water through aquatic plants and filtering substrates (gravel, stones, sand), which together with beneficial microorganisms and, sometimes, auxiliary aquatic fauna, purify the water by imitating natural cycles.
This model emerged in Central Europe in the 20th century and today there is a wide network of facilities, both private and public, that comply with strict quality and health standards according to international regulations such as those of the IOB (Internationale Organization für naturnahe Badegewässer).
Design and structure: main components
- Bathing area: This is the area designated for bathers' enjoyment. It typically has customizable shapes and depths, ranging from straight, modern designs to organic silhouettes mimicking a lagoon.
- Regeneration zone: A space where aquatic plants (emerged, submerged, and floating) and various substrates are integrated. The main biological purification process takes place here, as the roots and bacterial biofilm decompose organic matter and absorb nutrients, which trigger the proliferation of algae.
- Circulation and filtration systemsThey often incorporate low-consumption pumps and skimmers to move water between the two zones. In some models, the entire cycle is completely natural and depends on ground conditions.
- construction materials: Materials such as natural stone, gravel, sand, treated wood and ecological waterproofing membranes predominate, which favor integration into the environment.
Principles of biological purification and types of systems
- Hydrobotanical system (HBS): Purification through a combination of plants and zooplankton that absorb nutrients and transform waste into harmless compounds.
- Technical wetland (TWL): Uses biofilm (communities of bacteria and microorganisms) combined with plants for more intensive purification.
- Biofilm filter (BSF): Intensive biofilm cultivation on filter surfaces maximizes the removal of contaminants and pathogens.
The common goal is the reduction in nutrient content (such as nitrogen and phosphorus), preventing eutrophication, naturally eliminating pathogens, and ensuring proper oxygenation of the water. Various sensors and recirculation pumps can optimize these processes, although there are non-technical models for those seeking an even more environmentally friendly option.
Advantages and disadvantages of naturalized pools
- Health & Wellness: The water is free of chemicals, reducing irritation, allergies and skin discomfort, and is completely safe even for sensitive people.
- Aesthetics and landscape integration: They blend into the garden and can be customized to suit your tastes and local vegetation. Each pool is unique and blends seamlessly with its surroundings.
- Environmental sustainability: They promote biodiversity, create habitats for native fauna (insects, birds, amphibians) and do not pollute the environment.
- long term savingsAlthough the initial investment may be higher, the maintenance cost is low, due to the absence of chemicals and the reduced need for water changes.
- Reduction in water consumption: The use of mains water is minimized and efficient management is prioritized, even reusing water for irrigation during periods when it is not in use.
- Added ecological benefits: They contribute to the capture of CO2, mitigating climate change, and do not damage the ozone layer.
Disadvantages:
- They require a larger surface area than a conventional pool, since the regeneration area must have sufficient capacity to filter the water efficiently.
- The number of bathers must be appropriate for the purification system. Overloading can affect water quality and biological balance.
- A commitment to maintenance is required to care for aquatic vegetation and keep the system in balance.
- In certain areas and seasons, insects or auxiliary fauna may be present, although they tend to concentrate in the plant zone.
How to maintain a natural pool
- Pruning and caring for aquatic plants: It is essential to regularly prune the plants in the regeneration zone, remove dead vegetation, and replace species if necessary, adjusting the density to ensure maximum purification efficiency.
- Cleaning water and surface: Leaves, branches, insects must be removed and bottom sediment must be controlled using adapted vacuum cleaners to avoid the accumulation of organic matter.
- Maintenance of the filtration system: Periodically check and clean pumps, skimmers and any physical filters to prevent blockages.
- algae control: Keep nutrient levels very low. Animal species such as snails, fish, or amphibians can be used to help control algae naturally.
- Water quality testing: Frequently analyze pH, oxygenation, and nitrogen and phosphorus levels. Adjust if you detect significant deviations.
- Oxygenation and aerationIf the pool has air diffusers, regularly check and clean their operation and the circulation of water flow.
- Structural repair and supervision: Check walls, bottom, edges and joints to detect wear or cracks that could affect the tightness and safety.
- Preparation for winterProtect sensitive plants and technical equipment from frost by either emptying them or using anti-frost methods depending on the local climate.
Key water quality parameters in naturalized pools
- pH: It should be maintained between 6,0 and 9,0 to ensure the life of plants, microorganisms and bathers.
- Transparency: It is essential that a minimum visibility of the bottom is met and that there is no turbidity greater than 5 UNF.
- REDOX Potential: Between 250 and 900 mV, which indicates the self-purification capacity of the water.
- Microbiological levels: Zero presence of pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Legionella sp.
Compliance with these parameters ensures a safe and pleasant bath, and may require specific corrective actions if deviations appear after analysis.
Construction systems and professional services
- Personalized design: The project can be adapted to any space, respecting criteria of landscape integration and the ecological environment.
- Technical sizing: Consider the relationship between water volume, purification surface and number of expected bathers.
- Species selection:The auxiliary plants and fauna are chosen based on the local climate, available sunlight and native fauna.
- Filters and pumping systems: They are sized to ensure a complete replacement of the water volume within the ideal timeframe, depending on the characteristics of the vessel and the needs of the user.
There are specialized companies that offer everything from technical advice for professionals and individuals to turnkey projects or the naturalization of existing traditional pools.
Cost and economic factors of a naturalized pool
El initial cost It depends on several factors: dimensions, level of technology, shape, plant species chosen, terrain characteristics, and types of finishes. Although they usually require a higher initial investment than a conventional pool, the annual operating cost and maintenance is significantly lower, as it does not depend on chemicals or high-consumption energy systems.
For a bathroom of about 20 m², prices can vary widely, depending on the area and the services offered. The increased value of the property, the savings on utility bills, and the experience of a sustainable bathroom justify the investment for many environmentally conscious users.
Frequently asked questions about choosing, installing, and maintaining a naturalized pool
- ¿I can transform my conventional pool In a naturalized one? Yes, in most cases the existing reservoir can be adapted by redesigning the treatment plant and adding a regeneration zone.
- ¿What about the presence of small children?It is recommended to assess the capacity of the purification system and remember that plants do not eliminate urine, and may require additional measures if many small bathers are expected.
- ¿How much maintenance does it require?Generally less than for a conventional pool: regular surface cleaning, plant pruning, and system checks. Some tasks increase in frequency in spring and fall.
- ¿What species of fish and amphibians can be introduced?They should always be native and in keeping with the pool's ecological balance to avoid imbalances.
- ¿A naturalized pool is suitable for any climate.Yes, by adapting the design, species selection, and frost protection to the local climate.
Naturalized pools: trends and inspiring cases
Each project can be customized to suit the terrain, aesthetic preferences, bathroom needs, and technical requirements, allowing for the creation of versatile, unique, and distinctive spaces.
Naturalized pools provide a healthy, sustainable, and beautifully integrated swimming experience, prioritizing respect for nature and the well-being of those who enjoy them. Their maintenance is simple if basic parameters are maintained and the vegetation is cared for, and their ecological and aesthetic value is widely recognized. If you're looking for a unique pool that will enhance your home, create a natural space, and require fewer resources in the medium and long term, a naturalized pool is undoubtedly the best option.
